{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:44:57Z","timestamp":1787071497029,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate and compare salivary zinc levels in individuals diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and healthy controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 20 participants were included in the study after obtaining informed consent. The participants were divided into two equal groups. Group 1 consisted of 10 healthy individuals who served as controls, while Group 2 included 10 individuals diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Saliva samples were collected from all participants, and the zinc levels were measured and analyzed to determine any differences between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average salivary zinc level in the rheumatoid arthritis group (Group 2) was 83.52 \u00b1 5.9 \u03bcg\/dL. In comparison, the control group (Group 1) showed a lower mean level of 69.56 \u00b1 11.2 \u03bcg\/dL. This indicates a noticeable difference in zinc concentrations between the two groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on the findings, individuals with rheumatoid arthritis exhibited higher salivary zinc levels compared to healthy controls. This suggests that salivary zinc concentration may be altered in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and could potentially serve as a marker for disease activity or metabolic changes associated with the condition.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1241_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T08:00:16Z","timestamp":1766044816000},"page":"S3165-S3167","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Salivary Zinc Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anshul","family":"Sharma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, Sudha Medical College and Hospital, Jagpura, Kota, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anjali","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha Government Medical College, Neemuch, MP, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chetan Kumar","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha Government Medical College, Neemuch, MP, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Virendra Kumar Sakhlecha Government Medical College, Neemuch, MP, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richa","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhvika","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology, RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(10)60826-4","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"376","author":"Scott","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2007.06.001","article-title":"Established rheumatoid arthritis: Clinical assessments","volume":"21","author":"Van Riel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R3-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"935187","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/935187","article-title":"Usefulness of patients-reported outcomes in rheumatoid arthritis focus group","volume":"2012","author":"Amaya-Amaya","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arthritis"},{"key":"R4-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2003.009530","article-title":"Similar prediction of mortality by the health assessment questionnaire in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and the general population","volume":"63","author":"Sokka","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"R5-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1007\/s12026-013-8398-7","article-title":"Novel risk factors for cardiovascular disease in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"56","author":"Amaya-Amaya","year":"2013","journal-title":"Immunol Res"},{"key":"R6-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"399","DOI":"10.1016\/S0753-3322(03)00081-7","article-title":"Trace elements in human physiology and pathology: Zinc and metallothioneins","volume":"57","author":"Tapiero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"R7-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1993.73.1.79","article-title":"The biochemical basis of zinc physiology","volume":"73","author":"Vallee","year":"1993","journal-title":"Physiol Rev"},{"key":"R9-20251218","first-page":"358","article-title":"Correlation between the iron, magnesium, potassium and zinc content in adolescent girls\u2019 hair and their academic records","volume":"31","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"},{"key":"R10-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780310302","article-title":"The American Rheumatism Association 1987 revised criteria for the classification of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"31","author":"Arnett","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"R11-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"854","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011-010-8952-2","article-title":"A pilot study on zinc levels in patients with rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"143","author":"Mierzecki","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Trace Elem Res"},{"key":"R12-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01450895","article-title":"Serum zinc and copper in active rheumatoid arthritis: Correlation with interleukin 1 beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha","volume":"17","author":"Zoli","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"R13-20251218","first-page":"47","article-title":"Serum copper and zinc in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis","volume":"91","author":"Grennan","year":"1980","journal-title":"N Z Med J"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1241_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:46:57Z","timestamp":1787068017000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1241_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1241_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-07-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-10","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}