{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:21:00Z","timestamp":1790821260943,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]],"date-time":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764547200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Adolescent tobacco use, particularly of smokeless forms, has become a growing public health concern in India. Early and chronic exposure to tobacco during this developmental phase leads to pathological changes in the oral mucosa, some of which may progress to malignancy. This study was undertaken to clinically and cytopathologically evaluate oral mucosal changes in adolescent smokeless tobacco chewers and assess early markers of potentially malignant disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescent tobacco users and age-matched controls. Clinical examination identified mucosal changes, while exfoliative cytology was used to detect cellular alterations. Cytological findings were graded based on Papanicolaou criteria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among tobacco users, 76% showed clinical changes like hyperpigmentation and leukoplakia, while 52% exhibited cytological atypia (Grades II\u2013V). Only 8% of controls had mild inflammation. A strong correlation was observed between tobacco use and epithelial changes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early oral mucosal changes in adolescents highlight the need for preventive screening and cessation programs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1421_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,18]],"date-time":"2025-12-18T08:00:56Z","timestamp":1766044856000},"page":"S3358-S3360","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Evaluation of Oral Mucosal Changes in Adolescent Tobacco Chewers: A Clinical and Cytopathological Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Nishath S.","family":"Abdul","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Oral Pathology, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh 11681 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahesh","family":"Shenoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of OMFS and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Oral Pathology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahana","family":"Shivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, People\u2019s College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ganiga C.","family":"Shivakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, People\u2019s College of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhuvan","family":"Jyoti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Surgeon and Consultant- Oral Medicine and Radiology, Department of Dental Surgery, Ranchi Institute of Neuro-Psychiatry and Allied Sciences, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shubham","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, People\u2019s College of Dental Sciences and Research Center, Peoples University, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251218","first-page":"302","article-title":"Evaluation of cytological alterations of oral mucosa in smokers and waterpipe users","volume":"15","author":"Seifi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cell 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users","author":"Salih","year":"2025","journal-title":"Tob Induc Dis"},{"key":"R6-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1277","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345970760060701","article-title":"Oral mucosal smokeless tobacco lesions among adolescents in the United States","volume":"76","author":"Tomar","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"R7-20251218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1198","DOI":"10.3390\/healthcare11081198","article-title":"Economic evaluation of oral cancer screening programs: Review of outcomes and study designs","volume":"11","author":"Raman","year":"2023","journal-title":"Healthcare (Basel)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1421_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:46:40Z","timestamp":1787068000000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1421_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1421_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-08-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-30","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}