{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T22:17:54Z","timestamp":1790893074528,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]],"date-time":"2025-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740441600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral health disparities persist between urban and rural populations, particularly among underserved communities. Geographic isolation, financial constraints, and lack of access to dental services contribute significantly to these disparities. Rural populations often encounter greater barriers in accessing healthcare facilities, whereas urban underserved groups face challenges such as overburdened public health systems. This study aims to assess and compare the disparities in oral health outcomes and the barriers to care faced by underserved populations in both urban and rural settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted using data from various peer-reviewed literature studies on oral health disparities among underserved urban and rural populations. Three parameters were evaluated: socioeconomic status, insurance coverage, and geographic access to dental services. The data were analyzed using Chi-square tests, with statistical significance determined at a\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      value of &lt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Statistical analysis demonstrated significant disparities in oral health outcomes and access to care between urban and rural populations, with rural communities experiencing worse outcomes in terms of insurance coverage, income levels, and proximity to dental care facilities. Differences in oral health status, such as untreated dental caries and periodontal disease, were also significantly higher in rural populations compared to urban groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Efforts to reduce oral health disparities must consider the unique challenges faced by both urban and rural underserved populations. Targeted public health interventions and policies that address geographic, financial, and systemic barriers to care are essential to improving oral health equity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1449_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T03:00:49Z","timestamp":1740538849000},"page":"S445-S447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Assessment of Oral Health Disparities and Barriers to Care among Underserved Populations in Urban and Rural Settings"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Digvijaysinh","family":"Parmar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Public Health (DPH) Residency Program, University of California, San Francisco, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny Lalmalsawmi","family":"Sailo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Crown Bridge and Implantology, Rajasthan Dental College and Hospital, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahithya","family":"Sakhamuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Innovation Research Associate, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandan","family":"Dalapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be University, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Smita Durga","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dental Sciences and Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shivam","family":"Arya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RUHS College of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heena","family":"Dixit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DY Patil Deemed to be University, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"513","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-040119-094318","article-title":"Disparities in access to oral health care","volume":"41","author":"Northridge","year":"2020","journal-title":"Annu Rev Public Health"},{"key":"R2-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1410","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.2016.0158","article-title":"Achieving health equity:Closing the gaps in health care disparities, interventions, and research","volume":"35","author":"Purnell","year":"2016","journal-title":"Health Aff (Millwood)"},{"key":"R3-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16050710","article-title":"The persistence of oral health disparities for African American children:A scoping review","volume":"16","author":"Como","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R4-20250513","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reducing racial and ethnic disparities in access to care:Has the affordable care act made a difference?","volume":"2017","author":"Hayes","year":"2017","journal-title":"Issue Brief (Commonw Fund)"},{"key":"R5-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.ss6623a1","article-title":"Racial\/ethnic health disparities among rural adults \u2013United States, 2012\u20132015","volume":"66","author":"James","year":"2017","journal-title":"MMWR Surveill Summ"},{"key":"R6-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2014.08.029","article-title":"Preventive care utilization among the uninsured by race\/ethnicity and income","volume":"48","author":"Holden","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"key":"R7-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3807","DOI":"10.22605\/RRH3807","article-title":"Disparities in dental health of rural Australians:Hospitalisation rates and utilisation of public dental services in three communities in North Queensland","volume":"17","author":"Carlisle","year":"2017","journal-title":"Rural Remote Health"},{"key":"R8-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1242","DOI":"10.1002\/jdd.13071","article-title":"Oral health inequities:Recommended public policies to achieve health equity","volume":"86","author":"L\u00f3pez","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Dent Educ"},{"key":"R9-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"434","DOI":"10.1370\/afm.2125","article-title":"Uninsured primary care visit disparities under the affordable care act","volume":"15","author":"Angier","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Fam Med"},{"key":"R10-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e95","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.202008-3053ST","article-title":"Addressing disparities in lung cancer screening eligibility and healthcare access","volume":"202","author":"Rivera","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1449_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:27:44Z","timestamp":1787837264000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1449_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1449_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-10-09","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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