{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:47:13Z","timestamp":1787071633097,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Masseter muscle hypertrophy (MMH) is a condition characterized by the enlargement of the masseter muscles, leading to facial asymmetry, pain, and functional issues. Traditionally treated through surgical resection, Botulinum toxin type-A (BTX-A) has emerged as a minimally invasive alternative that reduces muscle bulk and relieves symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of BTX-A in reducing muscle size, and pain, and improving aesthetic outcomes in patients with MMH.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective clinical trial was conducted with five patients diagnosed with bilateral MMH. Each patient received 30 units of BTX-A per side, with follow-ups at 3 and 6 weeks post-injection. Outcomes were measured using the Masseter Muscle Prominence (MMP) scale, pain scores, and patient satisfaction questionnaires. Descriptive statistics and paired t-tests were used for analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All patients demonstrated a significant reduction in muscle size, averaging 60% at 6 weeks. Pain scores were reduced by 80\u2013100%, and aesthetic satisfaction scores ranged from 8 to 10. No severe adverse effects were reported, with only mild transient bruising and masticatory fatigue observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BTX-A is an effective and safe option for the management of MMH, providing significant aesthetic and functional improvements with minimal side effects. Further research with larger sample sizes and longer follow-ups is recommended to validate these findings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1496_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T10:10:49Z","timestamp":1740737449000},"page":"S2347-S2349","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Prospective Clinical Trail to Evaluate the Role and Efficacy of Botulinum Toxin Type-A for Masseter Muscle Hypertrophy"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Azaram Mohamad","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Surendera Dental College, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juberahamad Rajjak","family":"Attar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Operations, College of Applied Medical Sciences - Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abrar Ahad","family":"Chawdhary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Operations, College of Applied Medical Sciences - Khamis Mushait, King Khalid University, Abha, KSA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Praveen Kumar Varma","family":"Datla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, Vishnu Dental College, Vishnupur, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vishveshwar","family":"Mishra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"BDS, Kalinga Institute of Dental Sciences, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT) Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 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to narrow the lower facial width","volume":"18","author":"Wu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg Clin North Am"},{"key":"R10-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/0266-4356(94)90168-6","article-title":"The medical management of masseteric hypertrophy with botulinum toxin type A","volume":"32","author":"Moore","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R11-20250930","first-page":"484","article-title":"Effects of botulinum toxin type A on bilateral masseteric hypertrophy evaluated with computed tomographic measurement","volume":"29","author":"Kim","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dermatol Surg"},{"key":"R12-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"452","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-010-9624-5","article-title":"Mandible changes evaluated by computed tomography following botulinum toxin A injections in square-faced patients","volume":"35","author":"Chang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Aesthetic Plast Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1496_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:49:59Z","timestamp":1787068199000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1496_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 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