{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T13:45:09Z","timestamp":1788183909714,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"\n A\n BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n The selection of irrigating solutions during root canal therapy is essential for maintaining dentin structure and ensuring effective disinfection. However, various irrigants can alter the microhardness of dentin, which might have an impact on the treated tooth\u2019s mechanical characteristics and long-term viability.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n To produce uniform dentin discs from the central portion of the root, forty human premolars were sectioned. Based on the irrigating solution employed, the specimens were split into four groups (n = 10): Group 1 received 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), Group 2 received 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), Group 3 received 2% chlorhexidine (CHX), and Group 4 received distilled water (control). Each specimen was submerged in its respective irrigant for five minutes. A Vickers microhardness tester was used to determine microhardness at 50 g force for 10 seconds both before and after irrigation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Microhardness decreased significantly in Group 1 (NaOCl), with a mean drop of 18% (from 55 \u00b1 2.3 VHN to 45 \u00b1 1.9 VHN). The greatest reduction, 28%, was observed in Group 2 (EDTA) (from 53 \u00b1 1.8 VHN to 38 \u00b1 2.1 VHN). The microhardness of Group 3 (CHX) decreased by only 5% (from 54 \u00b1 2.0 VHN to 51 \u00b1 1.5 VHN). Microhardness showed no significant change in the control group (Group 4). Significant differences between the groups were found by statistical analysis (ANOVA,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05), with Group 2 exhibiting the greatest influence on dentin microhardness.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Dentin microhardness was most significantly reduced by EDTA, followed by NaOCl, with CHX showing only a minor effect. These results imply that frequent or extended usage of EDTA and NaOCl may cause the dentin structure to deteriorate.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1653_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:02:59Z","timestamp":1750208579000},"page":"S1371-S1373","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Effect of Different Irrigating Solutions on the Microhardness of Dentin"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Saron Ramesh","family":"Nair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Mahe Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Chalakkara, Pallor, Mahe, Puducherry, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa Hussein","family":"Alattas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dental Sciences and Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraidah, Qassim, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luluah Khalid","family":"Alhagas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry, General Dentistry Program, Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John Kodumbilayiparambil","family":"Anto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Anjeneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nasarudheen","family":"Cholayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Anjeneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdul","family":"Sathar Malayil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sree Anjeneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Kozhikode, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2591.2001.00356.x","article-title":"Effect of exposing dentine to sodium hypochlorite and calcium hydroxide on its flexural strength and elastic modulus","volume":"34","author":"Grigoratos","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R2-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2007.08.005","article-title":"Impact of irrigant sequence on mechanical properties of human root dentin","volume":"33","author":"Marending","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R3-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2005.09.014","article-title":"Root canal irrigants","volume":"32","author":"Zehnder","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R4-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2591.2008.01540.x","article-title":"The properties and applications of chlorhexidine in endodontics","volume":"42","author":"Mohammadi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int Endod J"},{"key":"R5-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1437","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joen.2011.06.005","article-title":"Quantitative analysis of the effect of irrigant solution sequence on dentin erosion","volume":"37","author":"Qian","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R7-20250618","first-page":"680","article-title":"Antimicrobial effect of chlorhexidine on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm formation in root canals","volume":"38","author":"Kim","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Endod"},{"key":"R8-20250618","first-page":"843","article-title":"Effect of sodium hypochlorite on dentin mechanical properties. A review","volume":"35","author":"Pascon","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Endod"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1653_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:22:47Z","timestamp":1787836967000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1653_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1653_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-14","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}