{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T23:35:06Z","timestamp":1788478506261,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"\n A\n BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Smoking is a major risk factor for the development and advancement of periodontal disorders, which in turn cause the loss of periodontal attachment, deeper pockets, and the loss of tooth and alveolar bone.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n The purpose of this research is to use radiovisiography (RVG) radiographs in conjunction with transgingival probing to assess and quantify the pattern and degree of alveolar bone deterioration in individuals with chronic periodontitis (CP), whether or not they smoke.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The research comprised 50 male volunteers with CP, 25 of whom were smokers and 25 of whom were not. Patients in Group A were those who were systemically healthy, had clinical attachment loss of \u22653 mm, were between the ages of 25 and 50, smoked 100 cigarettes or more throughout their lifetime, and were not smokers at the time of the interview. Group B was made up of non-smokers. Clinical data were documented, including clinical attachment loss (CAL), plaque index (PI), and probing pocket depth (PPD). RVG and transgingival probing were used to measure the amount and pattern of bone loss.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Compared to non-smokers, cigarette smokers had higher and statistically significant mean values for PI, PPD, and CAL. In the maxillary arch, cigarette smokers saw more bone loss than non-smokers. In cigarette smokers, the types of bone damage exhibited a more vertical pattern.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n In conclusion, it was shown that those who smoke have more bone loss than those who do not smoke. Since digital radiography has the ability to quantify bone change more precisely, transgingival probing in conjunction with RVG is a better way to evaluate bone loss.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1737_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:02:24Z","timestamp":1750208544000},"page":"S1408-S1411","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Measurement and Comparison of Pattern of Bone Destruction in Chronic Periodontitis Patients with and Without Smoking Habit: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anshika","family":"Suman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Periodontology, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamalendu","family":"Laskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Narsinhbhai Patel Dental College and Hospital, Visnagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parth","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Resident, Department of Dentistry, Pramukhswami Medical college, Karamsad, Anand, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anshu","family":"Nishchhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental College, Azamgarh, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shambo","family":"Dey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Agartala Government Dental College and IGM Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasanta","family":"Majumder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Agartala Government Dental college and IGM Hospital, Agartala, Tripura, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028010955.x","article-title":"Periodontitis in smokers and non-smokers:Intra-oral distribution of pockets. A retrospective study","volume":"28","author":"van der Weijden","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R2-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01098.x","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following surgical therapy","volume":"17","author":"Preber","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"R3-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_212_19","article-title":"Types of bone destruction and its severity in chronic periodontitis patients with tobacco smoking habit using periapical radiographs and transgingival probing:A cross-sectional study","volume":"24","author":"Amaranath","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"key":"R5-20250618","first-page":"1","article-title":"Comparision between conventional radiography (IOPA) and digital radiography using bitewing technique in detecting the depth of alveolar bone loss","volume":"3","author":"Singh","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Interdiscipl Med Dent"},{"key":"R6-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1967.38.6.610","article-title":"The Gingival Index, the Plaque Index and the Retention Index systems","volume":"38","author":"L\u00f6e","year":"1967","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"R7-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1992.63.12s.1085","article-title":"Methods for evaluation of regenerative procedures","volume":"63","author":"Lynch","year":"1992","journal-title":"J Periodontol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1737_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:24:05Z","timestamp":1787837045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1737_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1737_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-11-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}