{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:20:35Z","timestamp":1787840435024,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The menstrual cycle involves complex hormonal interactions that induce structural and functional changes in the uterus and ovaries. Ultrasonographic imaging offers a noninvasive means to assess these variations. This study evaluates uterine and ovarian structural changes during different phases of the menstrual cycle and correlates them with hormonal fluctuations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A prospective observational study was conducted on 50 women aged 20\u201335 years with regular menstrual cycles. Participants underwent transabdominal and transvaginal ultrasonography during the follicular, ovulatory, and luteal phases. Hormonal levels of estrogen, progesterone, and luteinizing hormone (LH) were assessed using serum samples collected at each phase. Measurements included endometrial thickness, ovarian follicle diameter, and corpus luteum dimensions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Endometrial thickness showed a progressive increase from the follicular phase (4.5 \u00b1 0.8 mm) to the luteal phase (10.2 \u00b1 1.1 mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). The dominant follicle diameter peaked during ovulation (18.5 \u00b1 2.0 mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.01) and was replaced by the corpus luteum in the luteal phase (14.0 \u00b1 1.5 mm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Hormonal analysis revealed a significant rise in estrogen during the follicular phase (mean: 180 \u00b1 20 pg\/mL), LH surge at ovulation (mean: 25 \u00b1 5 IU\/L), and elevated progesterone levels during the luteal phase (mean: 15 \u00b1 3 ng\/mL).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ultrasonographic assessment effectively demonstrates dynamic structural changes in the uterus and ovaries during the menstrual cycle. These changes correlate significantly with hormonal variations, providing valuable insights into reproductive health and aiding in the diagnosis of menstrual disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_191_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:00:48Z","timestamp":1750208448000},"page":"S1622-S1624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ultrasonographic Assessment of Uterine and Ovarian Structural Changes during the Menstrual Cycle in Relation to Hormonal Variations"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shambhavi","family":"Soni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, Government Medical College, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akash","family":"Bansal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Administrative Building, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, AIIMS, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aishwarya","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amit Kumar","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R3-20250618","first-page":"345","article-title":"Hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle:Mechanisms and effects","volume":"22","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Endocrinol Reprod Health"},{"key":"R4-20250618","first-page":"27","article-title":"Ultrasonography in gynecology","volume":"39","author":"Timor-Tritsch","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ultrasound Med Biol"},{"key":"R5-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmr039","article-title":"Ovarian follicular dynamics during the menstrual cycle","volume":"18","author":"Baerwald","year":"2012","journal-title":"Hum Reprod Update"},{"key":"R6-20250618","first-page":"203","article-title":"Advances in imaging of the female reproductive system","volume":"24","author":"Mittal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Indian J Radiol Imaging"},{"key":"R7-20250618","first-page":"139","article-title":"Ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian and uterine changes","volume":"31","author":"Stephenson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Reprod Biomed Online"},{"key":"R8-20250618","first-page":"411","article-title":"Corpus luteum imaging and hormonal profiles","volume":"27","author":"Nazari","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Assist Reprod Genet"},{"key":"R9-20250618","first-page":"41","article-title":"Diagnostic criteria for polycystic ovarian syndrome","volume":"19","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Reprod"},{"key":"R10-20250618","first-page":"245","article-title":"Endometrial changes and estrogen correlation","volume":"24","author":"Dalal","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Gynecol Endocrinol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_191_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:22:42Z","timestamp":1787836962000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_191_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_191_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-09","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}