{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:32:23Z","timestamp":1787776343548,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]],"date-time":"2025-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741219200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"\n A\n BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n \n Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the most commonly used drug worldwide. PPIs are benzimidazole derivatives and are basic in nature; therefore, they are dispensed in enteric-coated tablets or capsules to avoid degradation from gastric acid. When PPIs are administered by oral route of administration, they get absorbed from small intestine and cross the acidic parietal cell canaliculus. In this acidic environment, PPI is activated and produces a sulfenamide form of the drug. This activated form binds with the H\n +<\/jats:sup>\n K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ATPase enzyme covalently, which results in irreversible inhibition of acid secretion\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n Study to establish the relationship between rabeprazole (PPI) and acute interstitial nephritis (AIN).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective:<\/jats:title>\n To find the effect of PPI alone, PPI with diclofenac, PPI with ofloxacin on renal function tests.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n In the present study, we are analyzing PPI (omeprazole) as a main group. The group is again divided into three subgroups containing six rats in each. The relation between PPI and AIN is observed by the administration of PPI alone. To find this relation, we combine the PPI with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) diclofenac and antimicrobial agent ofloxacin.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n Rabeprazole 20 mg\/kg\/day alone showed a statistically significant difference in serum creatinine and blood urea values. Rabeprazole 20 mg\/kg\/day and ofloxacin 60 mg\/kg\/day did not show a statistically significant difference in serum creatinine and blood urea values. Rabeprazole 20 mg\/kg\/day and diclofenac showed a statistically significant difference in serum creatinine and blood urea values.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n With longer administration of PPIs, it did produce derangement of renal function tests (RFTs), and with concurrent administration of drugs like ofloxacin and diclofenac, it hastened the process of renal damage as indicated by deranged RFTs.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1965_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T03:00:20Z","timestamp":1741662020000},"page":"S378-S380","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Study to Establish the Relationship between Rabeprazole (PPI) and Acute Interstitial Nephritis (AIN)"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Bite","family":"Bapurao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Swanand","family":"Pathak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjit Sidram","family":"Ambad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Nerhu Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research Sawangi Meghe, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250513","first-page":"273","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors:An update","volume":"6","author":"Bruce","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am Family Physician"},{"key":"R2-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2125.1998.00791.x","article-title":"Compliance with restrictions on the subsidized use of proton pump inhibitors in Australia","volume":"46","author":"McManus","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"R3-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2005.11.004","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors and acute interstitial nephritis","volume":"4","author":"Geevasinga","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Gastro Hep"},{"key":"R4-20250513","first-page":"8","article-title":"Proto pump inhibitors:When is enough, enough?","journal-title":"Brit J Pharmacol issue"},{"key":"R5-20250513","first-page":"1553","article-title":"Trends in prescribing gastroprotective agents with non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs in an orthopedic outpatient unit of a tertiary care hospital","volume":"3","author":"Raghvendra","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R6-20250513","first-page":"37","article-title":"Use of proton pump inhibitors in general practice. Is it rationale?","volume":"3","author":"Nouseen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Med Res Health Sci"},{"key":"R7-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973578","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/973578","article-title":"Drug utilization study in medical emergency unit of a tertiary care hospital in North India","volume":"2014","author":"Kaur","year":"2014","journal-title":"Emerg Med Int"},{"key":"R8-20250513","first-page":"482","article-title":"Study on drug utilization pattern of chronic renal failure patient in a tertiary care hospital","volume":"6","author":"Tamilselvan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Pharm Sci"},{"key":"R9-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.5530\/ijopp.7.4.2","article-title":"Prospective assessment of prescribing pattern of intravenous proton pump inhibitors in an Indian tertiary care teaching hospital","volume":"7","author":"Churi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Indian J Pharm Pract"},{"key":"R10-20250513","first-page":"1187","article-title":"Proton pump inhibitors:Are they safe on kidneys:A histopathological study","volume":"5","author":"Limaye","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol"},{"key":"R11-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1414","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines12071414","article-title":"Association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of incident chronic kidney disease:Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Ang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomedicines"},{"key":"R12-20250513"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1965_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:08:32Z","timestamp":1787774912000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1965_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_1965_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}