{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:21:30Z","timestamp":1787840490598,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,1]],"date-time":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1748736000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Vitamin B12 and vitamin D play crucial roles in maintaining metabolic and immune homeostasis. Deficiencies in these vitamins have been linked to multiple systemic and localized disorders, including thyroid dysfunction, dermatological conditions, oral pathologies, and respiratory diseases.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A cross-sectional study was conducted on 200 participants aged 20\u201350 years, divided into two groups: individuals with vitamins B12 and D deficiencies (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 100) and healthy controls (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 100). Serum vitamin B12 and vitamin D levels were assessed using chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CMIA). Thyroid function tests (TSH, T3, and T4), dermatological assessments, oral health indices (DMFT index, oral mucosal examination), and pulmonary function tests (spirometry) were recorded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software, with a significance level set at\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vitamins B12 and D deficiencies were significantly associated with hypothyroidism (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.003), increased prevalence of skin conditions such as eczema and psoriasis (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.021), higher incidence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis and burning mouth syndrome (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.017), and impaired pulmonary function with reduced FEV1\/FVC ratio (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.038). Mean vitamin B12 levels in the deficient group were 180 \u00b1 45 pg\/mL, while mean vitamin D levels were 12.4 \u00b1 3.7 ng\/mL.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deficiencies in vitamins B12 and D contribute to multiple systemic disorders, affecting thyroid function, skin integrity, oral health, and respiratory function. Early detection and supplementation may help mitigate these adverse effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_300_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T01:01:01Z","timestamp":1750208461000},"page":"S1749-S1751","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Vitamins B12 and D Deficiency in Thyroid, Skin, Oral, and Respiratory Disease"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Praveen K.","family":"Tagore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Medicine, GMC, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prashant","family":"Harit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, GMC, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manish K.","family":"Sachan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ENT, GMC, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahendra K.","family":"Bharti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of TB and Chest, GMC, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pratima","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesia, GMC, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gauri","family":"Harit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology, Datia, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250618","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707S","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.2008.26947D","article-title":"Vitamin B12 and cognition 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thyroiditis","volume":"10","author":"Bellastella","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"R6-20250618","first-page":"453","article-title":"Oral manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency: A case report","volume":"12","author":"Jithendra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Clin Pediatr Dent"},{"key":"R7-20250618","first-page":"6623","article-title":"Vitamin D and the immune system in skin diseases","volume":"21","author":"Kanda","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R8-20250618","first-page":"17","article-title":"Vitamin D and the skin: An update for dermatologists","volume":"20","author":"Bhat","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R9-20250618","first-page":"2","article-title":"Oral manifestations of vitamin B12 deficiency: A study of 15 cases","volume":"34","author":"Aguirre","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_300_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:23:54Z","timestamp":1787837034000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_300_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_300_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-31","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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