{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T22:43:55Z","timestamp":1792622635281,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Class II malocclusion is a common orthodontic issue characterized by the excessive protrusion of the upper teeth relative to the lower teeth. Early intervention during mixed dentition has been advocated to guide skeletal growth and potentially reduce the severity of malocclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A comparative analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of early (before the pubertal growth spurt) versus late (after the pubertal growth spurt) orthodontic intervention in managing Class II malocclusion. A cohort of 100 patients diagnosed with Class II malocclusion was divided into two groups: early intervention group (n = 50) and late intervention group (n = 50). Treatment outcomes including changes in overjet, molar relationship, and cephalometric measurements were assessed before and after orthodontic treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In the early intervention group, the mean reduction in overjet was 5.2 mm (SD = 1.3), while in the late intervention group, it was 3.8 mm (SD = 1.6). The improvement in molar relationship was greater in the early intervention group (mean change = 4.5 mm, SD = 1.1) compared to the late intervention group (mean change = 3.1 mm, SD = 1.4). Cephalometric analysis revealed significant differences in skeletal and dental parameters between the two groups, with greater improvements observed in the early intervention group.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Early orthodontic intervention shows superior efficacy in managing Class II malocclusion compared to late intervention. Early treatment leads to greater reductions in overjet, improvements in molar relationship, and favorable changes in skeletal and dental parameters. These findings underscore the importance of timely orthodontic intervention, particularly during the mixed dentition stage, for optimal management of Class II malocclusion.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_370_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,2]],"date-time":"2024-08-02T02:14:38Z","timestamp":1722564878000},"page":"S2691-S2693","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessing the Efficacy of Early versus Late Orthodontic Intervention in the Management of Class II Malocclusion: A Comparative Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ramya","family":"Kaje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics, KVG Dental College, Sullia, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rashme","family":"Rashme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dentistry, Walmart Health Center, Florida, US"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Manimegalan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontic Consultant, Aditi Oro Dental Care, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rajashekar R.","family":"Vundela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Sri Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahanaz K","family":"Saidalavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Orthodontics, Malabar Dental College and Research Center, Malappuram, Kerala, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avantika Vijaysingh","family":"Jadhav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Prosthodontics, Bharati Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"657","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2004.02.008","article-title":"Outcomes in a 2-phase randomized clinical trial of early Class II treatment","volume":"125","author":"Tulloch","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R3-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"234","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(03)00352-4","article-title":"Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: Dental and skeletal effects","volume":"124","author":"O'Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R4-20240829","first-page":"401","article-title":"Considerations in the treatment of Class II, Division 1 malocclusion with the Jasper Jumper appliance","volume":"73","author":"Nahoum","year":"2003","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R5-20240829","first-page":"159","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness of orthodontic treatment for Class II malocclusion: A systematic review","volume":"25","author":"O'Brien","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"R6-20240829","first-page":"604","article-title":"Class II malocclusion treatment success rate with and without extraction of maxillary first premolars","volume":"145","author":"Janson","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_370_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:00:00Z","timestamp":1787839200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_370_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_370_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-04-05","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-15","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}