{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T23:17:41Z","timestamp":1794007061839,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":5,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This case study reviews the use of Lymphocyte Immunotherapy (LIT) in a 28-year-old female patient who had a history of recurrent first-trimester miscarriages and failed intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. She had good ovarian reserve, normal semen analysis, and negative autoimmune tests but experienced four early miscarriages, which suggested an immune-mediated issue. LIT was chosen as a treatment option to address the possibility of immune system dysregulation contributing to pregnancy loss. LIT is the process of infusing the husband\u2019s lymphocytes to promote maternal tolerance of paternal antigens, reducing the possibility of immune foetal rejection. A received LIT was performed six weeks prior to a fresh ICSI cycle, with successful fertilization and transfer of embryos. There is evidence that positive outcomes occurred in serial ultrasounds and hormone levels at 6, 8, and 12 weeks with subsequent birth at term of a healthy baby. This case points to the possibility of using LIT as a therapeutic intervention in the treatment of unexplained recurrent miscarriage in patients who had previously failed previous assisted reproductive treatments. While the mechanism of action for LIT remains unknown, it would seem to somehow modulate the immune responses so that pregnancy results in better outcomes. This case may thus provide new evidence for LIT as a possible management strategy for those with immune causes of recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) but warrants additional studies to optimize its use and effectivity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_387_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T08:00:14Z","timestamp":1744617614000},"page":"S994-S996","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Exploring Lymphocyte Immunotherapy as a Treatment for Recurrent Miscarriage: A Case Study of Immune System Modulation and Positive Clinical Pregnancy Rate"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Achal D.","family":"Warhade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Embryology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akash","family":"More","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Senior Embryologist, Wardha Test Tube Baby Centre (WTTBC), Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural (AVBR) Hospitals, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"},{"name":"Associate Professor and Co-Convener, School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Namrata","family":"Anjankar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor and Co-Convener, School of Allied Health Science, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Puja","family":"Dhamija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Embryology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prajwal","family":"Warhade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Administrative Officer, Acharya Vinoba Bhave Rural Hospital, Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12853","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.12853","article-title":"Lymphocytes immunotherapy for preserving pregnancy: Mechanisms and challenges","volume":"80","author":"Hajipour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"R2-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1165\/rcmb.2014-0100OC","article-title":"Immune response to intrapharyngeal LPS in neonatal and juvenile mice","volume":"52","author":"McGrath-Morrow","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol"},{"key":"R3-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.intimp.2023.110326","article-title":"The effect of lymphocyte immunotherapy (LIT) in modulating immune responses in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL)","volume":"121","author":"Aslanian-Kalkhoran","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int Immunopharmacol"},{"key":"R4-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e13605","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13605","article-title":"Efficacy of lymphocyte immunotherapy in the treatment of recurrent pregnancy loss from alloimmunity: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"88","author":"Francisco","year":"2022","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"},{"key":"R5-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2012.01141.x","article-title":"Comprehensive analysis of peripheral blood lymphocytes in 76 women with recurrent miscarriage before and after lymphocyte immunotherapy","volume":"68","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am J Reprod Immunol"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_387_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:43:57Z","timestamp":1787773437000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_387_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"references-count":5,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_387_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-04","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-14","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}