{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:24:01Z","timestamp":1787775841344,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The effect of the Twin Block functional orthodontic appliances is mostly dento-alveolar with small skeletal effect. There are certain clinical indications where functional appliances can be used successfully in class II malocclusion, e.g., in a growing patient. The use of these appliances is greatly dependent on the patient\u2019s compliance, and they simplify the fixed appliance phase. The use of functional jaw orthopedics, at the correct time during growth, can ultimately result in achieving a broad beautiful smile, an excellent functional occlusion, a full face with a beautiful jaw line and lateral profile. Here the cases were treated with Twin Block appliance followed by fixed appliance to detail the occlusion. The design and treatment effects were demonstrated in these case reports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_401_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]],"date-time":"2025-05-10T04:02:40Z","timestamp":1746849760000},"page":"S1046-S1049","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Class II Malocclusion Treatment Using Combined Twin Block and Fixed Orthodontic Appliances: A Case Series"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Kasturi","family":"Mukherjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prakash","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vikrant Omprakash","family":"Shetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Poulomi","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shyamal","family":"Bar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Burdwan Dental College and Hospital, Bardhaman, West Bengal, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shweta Sunil","family":"Bakre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Tatyasaheb Kore Dental College and Hospital, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(03)00345-7","article-title":"The effectiveness of treatment of class II malocclusion with the Herbst or twin block appliance: A randomised, controlled trial","volume":"124","author":"O'Brien","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R2-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"267","DOI":"10.1179\/bjo.18.4.267","article-title":"The effect of functional appliances on the skeletal pattern","volume":"18","author":"Mills","year":"1991","journal-title":"Br J Orthod"},{"key":"R3-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-5406(98)70282-3","article-title":"The effect of Twin Blocks: A prospective controlled study","volume":"113","author":"Lund","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R4-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/0889-5406(88)90188-6","article-title":"The twin block technique. A functional orthopaedic appliance system","volume":"93","author":"Clark","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R5-20250513","first-page":"302","article-title":"The use of myofunctional appliances in the UK: A survey of British orthodontists","volume":"25","author":"Chadwick","year":"1998","journal-title":"Dent Update"},{"key":"R6-20250513","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0544.2000.030406.x","article-title":"The effects of torque control spurs in twin-block appliances","volume":"3","author":"Harradine","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Ortho Res"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_401_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:43:43Z","timestamp":1787773423000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_401_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_401_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-04","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-02-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}