{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:36:04Z","timestamp":1787841364734,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study aimed to establish cell lines of fibroblast from human OSF tissues and their response to varying concentrations of arecoline. The various morphological forms of fibroblasts were identified to establish phenotypic change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Method:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fibroblast cell lines were obtained from control samples as well as from OSF cases. The cell lines were treated with 50\/100\/150\/300\/500 ug\/ml of arecoline and morphology were determined.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three morphological forms were detected; F1 spindle, F2 epitheloid and the F3 stellate. The F3 to F1 ratio was higher in OSF. Arecoline at 50ug\/ml was stimulatory and at 150ug\/ml cytotoxic to the cell lines.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Arecoline seems to enhance proliferation of the fibroblast at lower concentrations but cytotoxic at higher levels. This is probably due to the generation of new cell lines and response of the arecoline receptors indicating phenotypic change.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_408_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T06:05:28Z","timestamp":1675836328000},"page":"S1234-S1239","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Phenotypic Expression of Oral Fibroblasts Derived from Oral Submucous Fibrosis: An Assay through Cell Culture"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Banerjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Awadh Dental College Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mathew O.","family":"Mampilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department ofOral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Dentistry, ESIC Medical College and PG Institute, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. V.","family":"Kamath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology, Dr. Syamala Reddy Dental College Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayaraghavan","family":"Athreya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pvt Practitioner, Oral and maxillofacial surgery and dentistry, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vijayalakshmi","family":"Kotrashetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Maratha Mandal's NGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, Belgaum, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kumar Chandan","family":"Srivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deepti","family":"Shrivastava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakakah, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2005.00325.x","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis \u2013 A collagen metabolic disorder","volume":"34","author":"Rajalalitha","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R2-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1995.tb01156.x","article-title":"Etiology of oral submucous fibrosis with special reference to the role of areca nut chewing","volume":"24","author":"Murti","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R3-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.4103\/jomfp.JOMFP_28_19","article-title":"Characterization of oral fibroblasts: An in vitro model for oral fibrosis","volume":"23","author":"Adtani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"R4-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oraloncology.2005.08.005","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: Review on aetiology and pathogenesis","volume":"42","author":"Tilakaratne","year":"2006","journal-title":"Oral Oncol"},{"key":"R5-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0904-2512.2004.00116.x","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: A case-control study in Chennai, South India","volume":"33","author":"Ranganathan","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R6-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.1990.tb00804.x","article-title":"A case-control study of oral submucous fibrosis with special reference to the etiologic role of areca nut","volume":"19","author":"Sinor","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R7-20250920","first-page":"1","article-title":"Submucous fibrosis of the palate and pillars","volume":"4","author":"Joshi","year":"1953","journal-title":"Ind J Otolaryn"},{"key":"R8-20250920","first-page":"1","article-title":"Betel-quid and areca-nut chewing and some areca-nut derived nitrosamines","volume":"85","year":"2004","journal-title":"IARC Monogr Eval Carcinog Risks Hum"},{"key":"R9-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-010-0219-8","article-title":"Areca nut in pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis: Revisited","volume":"15","author":"Angadi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R10-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0714.2001.300402.x","article-title":"Diffusion of reduced arecoline and arecaidine through human vaginal and buccal mucosa","volume":"30","author":"Van der","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R11-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1783","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345950740111101","article-title":"Collagen biosynthesis in human oral submucous fibrosis fibroblast cultures","volume":"74","author":"Kuo","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"key":"R13-20250920","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"879","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-9290.94693","article-title":"Proliferative and morphological characterization of buccal mucosal fibroblasts in arecanut chewers. 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