{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:33:45Z","timestamp":1787762025324,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral candidiasis develops as a result of an opportunistic infection. In patients on hemodialysis who may be immune-compromised, candida can change from a commensal to a pathogen. Identification and classification of Candida species are crucial for the treatment of these patients. To distinguish between distinct species of candida found in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure\u2018s oral cavity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 100 people were investigated, including 50 patients with \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chronic Renal Failure<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRF)\u201d on hemodialysis and 50 healthy controls. Using \u201c\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Sabouraud\u2018s Dextrose Agar<\/jats:italic>\n                      (SDA)\u201d and \u201cCHROM\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Agar Culture Media<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u201d, salivary samples were incubated for 24, 48, or 72 hours at 37\u00b0C to develop candida species. Colony forming units\/milliliter, a unit of measurement for colonies, were counted and calculated (CFU).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On SDA and CHROM agar medium, positive candidal growth was seen in the CRF with HD and Control Groups. There was a significant variance in the growth and the subspecies distribution of the colonies among the groups. The most common species was c.albicans followed by c. cruzi and tropical. Other subspecies were negligible. The number of colonies was also greater than 400 CFU in the majority of the dialysis subjects, while it was only 200 CFU for the majority of the controls.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Patients with chronic renal failure receiving hemodialysis showed significantly higher levels of candida isolation and differentiation than healthy individuals (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_455_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,12]],"date-time":"2023-07-12T02:07:24Z","timestamp":1689127644000},"page":"S213-S217","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Evaluation of the Various Oral Candida Species among Patients on Hemodialysis: A Clinical Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nagaraju","family":"Devarapalli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, DVVPF\u2019S Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhijit","family":"Awari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, DVVPF\u2019S Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aparna B.","family":"Shinde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, DVVPF\u2019S Medical College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavitha R.","family":"Yanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Late Shri Yashwantrao Chavan Memorial Medical and Rural Development Foundations Dental College, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pallavi D.","family":"Dashatwar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saraswati Dhanwantari Dental College, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vinej","family":"Somaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Rajas Dental College and Hospital, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2369-14-114","article-title":"Epidemiology and risk factors of chronic kidney disease in India-Results from the SEEK (Screening and Early Evaluation of Kidney Disease) study","volume":"14","author":"Singh","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"R2-20240829","first-page":"417","article-title":"Chronic renal failure","author":"Glick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Burket's Text book of oral medicine"},{"key":"R3-20240829","article-title":"Dialysis as a treatment of End stage renal disease","author":"Hamilton","journal-title":"Principles of Dialysis, Diffusion, convection and Dialysis machines"},{"key":"R4-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.4103\/0971-4065.101242","article-title":"Periodontal status in patients undergoing hemodialysis","volume":"22","author":"Parkar","year":"2012","journal-title":"Indian J Nephrol"},{"issue":"(Suppl 1)","key":"R5-20240829","first-page":"S30","article-title":"Systemic fungal infections in renal diseases","volume":"51","author":"Gandhi","year":"2005","journal-title":"JPostgrad Med"},{"key":"R6-20240829","first-page":"89","article-title":"Oral candidiasis-A short Review","volume":"6","author":"Mobeen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Curr Res Rev"},{"key":"R7-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"455","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.922.455","article-title":"Oral candidiasis","volume":"78","author":"Akpan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"R8-20240829","first-page":"271","article-title":"Text book of microbiology","author":"Ananthnarayan","year":"2009"},{"key":"R9-20240829","first-page":"487921","article-title":"Isolation and identification of candida from the oral cavity","volume":"2011","author":"Raju","year":"2011","journal-title":"ISRN Dent"},{"key":"R10-20240829","first-page":"546","article-title":"Medical mycology","author":"Baveja","year":"2009","journal-title":"Textbook of Microbiology"},{"key":"R11-20240829","first-page":"371","article-title":"Mycotic infections of oral cavity","author":"Sivapathasundharam","year":"2012","journal-title":"Shafer's Textbook of Oral pathology"},{"key":"R12-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1590\/S0103-64402006000200016","article-title":"Systemic conditions, oral findings and dental management of chronic renal failure patients:General considerations and case report","volume":"17","author":"Hamid","year":"2006","journal-title":"Braz Dent J"},{"key":"R13-20240829","first-page":"426","article-title":"Hemodialysis","author":"Glick","year":"2015","journal-title":"Burket's Text book of Oral medicine"},{"key":"R14-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"374","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.102490","article-title":"A comparison of oral and dental manifestations in diabetic and non-diabetic uremic patients receiving hemodialysis","volume":"16","author":"Muali","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"issue":"(Suppl)","key":"R15-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35S","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2008.0353","article-title":"Measuring salivary flow:Challenges and opportunities","volume":"139","author":"Navazesh","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Am Dent Assoc"},{"key":"R16-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2013.08.018","article-title":"Association between glycemic status and oral candida carriage in patient with prediabetes","volume":"117","author":"Javed","year":"2014","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Patol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"R17-20240829","first-page":"23","article-title":"Isolation and rapid identification of candida species from the oral cavity","volume":"1","author":"Manikandan","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Pure App Biosci"},{"key":"R18-20240829","first-page":"227","article-title":"Oral microflora in patients on hemodialysis and kidney transplant recipients","volume":"4","author":"Ahamadieh","year":"2010","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"R19-20240829","first-page":"9","article-title":"Presumptive identification of clinically important Candida Sps from oral infections of diabetic patients","volume":"3","author":"Silviya","year":"2015","journal-title":"Global Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"key":"R20-20240829","first-page":"658","article-title":"Periodontal status of patients underwent hemodialysis theraphy","volume":"4","author":"Jenabian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Caspian J Intern Med"},{"key":"R21-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3402\/ljm.v5i0.2144","article-title":"Use of CHROMagar candida for the presumptive identification of candida species directly from clinical specimens in resource-limited settings","volume":"5","author":"Nadeem","year":"2010","journal-title":"Libyan J Med"},{"key":"R22-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.32.8.1923-1929.1994","article-title":"CHROMagar candida a new differential isolation medium for presumptive identification of clinically important candida species","volume":"32","author":"Odds","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R23-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.12.3.475-476.1980","article-title":"Quantitative relationships between candida albicans in saliva and the clinical status of human subjects","volume":"12","author":"Epstein","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R24-20240829","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1797.2007.00767.x","article-title":"Study of oral microbial flora in patients with renal disease","volume":"12","author":"Takeuchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nephrology (Carlton)"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_455_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:12:03Z","timestamp":1787760723000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_455_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_455_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-30","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-03-03","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}