{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:47:11Z","timestamp":1787071631486,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":7,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747353600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"\n A\n BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n <\/jats:title>\n \n Background:<\/jats:title>\n Emergence agitation (EA) is a common phenomenon observed in patients recovering from general anaesthesia, potentially leading to self-injury and compromised recovery quality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n This research aims to evaluate the outcome of intravenous and inhalational maintenance anaesthesia on postoperative EA and other recovery parameters.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n This research was conducted with 100 patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. Patients were divided into two groups: Group I received intravenous maintenance with propofol, while Group II received inhalational maintenance with sevoflurane. EA was evaluated using the Riker Sedation-Agitation Scale at predetermined intervals postoperatively. Recovery parameters such as time to extubating, orientation, and postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) were also recorded.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Group I demonstrated a considerably lower incidence of EA in comparison to Group II (10% vs. 30%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). The time to extubating and orientation was shorter in Group II, but the variation was not statistically considerable. The incidence of PONV was greater in Group II (25% vs. 10%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Intravenous maintenance anaesthesia with propofol is connected with a lower incidence of emergence agitation and PONV compared to inhalational maintenance with sevoflurane. These findings suggest that propofol may be a preferable agent for maintenance anaesthesia in terms of postoperative recovery quality.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_663_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]],"date-time":"2025-05-16T03:00:32Z","timestamp":1747364432000},"page":"S2518-S2520","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Study of Intravenous vs Inhalational Maintenance Anaesthesia on Postoperative Emergence Agitation and Recovery Parameters After General Anaesthesia"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Anshul","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikita","family":"Verma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonali","family":"Tripathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashwini K.","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anaesthesiology, Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhay","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of ENT, Chhindwara Institute of Medical Sciences, Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1213\/01.ane.0000250914.91881.a8","article-title":"Emergence delirium in children:Many questions, few answers","volume":"104","author":"Vlajkovic","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anesth Analg"},{"key":"R2-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"450","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020450","article-title":"Conflicting actions of inhalational anesthetics, neurotoxicity and neuroprotection, mediated by the unfolded protein response","volume":"21","author":"Kokubun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"R3-20250930","first-page":"251","article-title":"Emergence delirium","volume":"23","author":"Munk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Perioper Pract"},{"key":"R4-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-6576.2000.440315.x","article-title":"Quality of recovery in children:Sevoflurane versus propofo","volume":"44","author":"Picard","year":"2000","journal-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand"},{"key":"R5-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1138","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200405000-00015","article-title":"Development and psychometric evaluation of the pediatric anesthesia emergence delirium scale","volume":"100","author":"Sikich","year":"2004","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R6-20250930","first-page":"CD007084","article-title":"Effects of sevoflurane versus other general anaesthesia on emergence agitation in children","volume":"2014","author":"Costi","year":"2014","journal-title":"CochraneDatabase Syst Rev"},{"key":"R7-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-198210000-00005","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of intravenous agents for rapid sequence induction--thiopental, ketamine, and midazolam. Anesthesiology","volume":"57","author":"White","year":"1982","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_663_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:49:57Z","timestamp":1787068197000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_663_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"references-count":7,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_663_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-03","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-01","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}