{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:28:59Z","timestamp":1787758139974,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"abstract":"\n Context:<\/jats:title>\n Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is chronic, scarring disease of the oral cavity. Cytokines and growth factors produced by inflammatory cells play a major role in its pathogenesis. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) application, which has an anti-inflammatory, was used to determine the improvement in mouth opening.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aims:<\/jats:title>\n The aim of the study is to evaluate the effectiveness of laser photobiomodulation (PBM) in OSMF treatment.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n Thirty patients who were diagnosed with OSMF after obtaining consent form and ethical clearance were included. LLLT was applied for 4 cycles for 15 s each in the left and right buccal mucosa. Therapy was done on day 0, 3, 7, and 15 and measurements were done immediately after each LLLT application. Patients were recalled after 1, 3, and 6 months from the commencement of the therapy for follow-up measurements.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The mean increase in mouth opening following application of LLLT from day 0 to day 15 was 9.91 \u00b1 3.34, and day 1\u20136 months was 14.29 \u00b1 6.82, which was statistically significant.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n The study shows significant improvements in the mouth opening of the OSMF patient during treatment and postoperatively. Thus, our study confirms LLLT can be used as one of the modality in OSMF management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_673_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]],"date-time":"2022-07-13T15:05:34Z","timestamp":1657724734000},"page":"S475-S478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Determination of Effectiveness of Photobiomodulation in the Treatment of Oral Submucous Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"D.","family":"Sukanya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, V.S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Upasana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, V.S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. A.","family":"Deepak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, V.S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Abhinethra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, V.S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sailaja","family":"Choudary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, V.S. Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10011-1254","article-title":"Classification system for oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"24","author":"More","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Indian Acad Oral Med Radiol"},{"key":"R2-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"646","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1968.76","article-title":"Prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis among 50,915 Indian villagers","volume":"22","author":"Pindborg","year":"1968","journal-title":"Br J Cancer"},{"key":"R3-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2006.00485.x","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis: Study of 1000 cases from central India","volume":"36","author":"Hazarey","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R4-20250925","first-page":"39","article-title":"Oral submucous fibrosis-current concepts in etiopathogenesis","volume":"1","author":"Gupta","year":"2008","journal-title":"Peoples J Sci Res"},{"key":"R5-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1006\/cyto.1997.0342","article-title":"Immunolocalization of cytokines and growth factors in oral submucous fibrosis","volume":"10","author":"Haque","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cytokine"},{"key":"R6-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"247","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1834-7819.1997.tb00129.x","article-title":"The current status of low level laser therapy in dentistry. Part 1. Soft tissue applications","volume":"42","author":"Walsh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"key":"R7-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-433X.149595","article-title":"Low-level laser therapy: A biostimulation therapy in periodontics","volume":"6","author":"Suresh","year":"2015","journal-title":"SRM J Res Den Sci"},{"key":"R8-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2027","DOI":"10.13005\/bpj\/1835","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of oral submucous fibrosis: A critical appraisal","volume":"12","author":"Rai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacol J"},{"key":"R9-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.26440\/IHRJ\/01_07\/118","article-title":"Role of laser biostimulation in treatment of oral submucous fibrosis: A clinical trial","volume":"1","author":"Singh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int Healthc Res J"},{"key":"R10-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1038\/ijos.2016.49","article-title":"Low-power laser irradiation inhibits arecoline-induced fibrosis: An in vitro study","volume":"9","author":"Yeh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Oral Sci"},{"key":"R11-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15713\/ins.ijmdcr.127","article-title":"Biostimulation with diode lasers: A novel futuristic approach in the treatment of oral submucous fibrosis \u2013 A case report","volume":"6","author":"Chandra","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Med Dent Case Rep"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_673_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:03:06Z","timestamp":1787756586000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_673_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_673_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-11-03","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-14","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}