{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:41:13Z","timestamp":1787071273271,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Out-of-pocket expenditure (OOPE) remains a major barrier to accessing timely and quality palliative care services in India, particularly among low-income urban populations. Limited public funding for home-based palliative care further exacerbates the financial burden on families.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To estimate the OOPE for home\u2013nursing\u2013family palliative care among cancer patients and examine the association of expenditure patterns with sociodemographic factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 400 cancer patients receiving palliative care from a governmental tertiary care center in Hyderabad. Data on direct medical, non-medical, and indirect costs were collected using a semi-structured questionnaire.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The median total monthly OOPE was \u20b94240, with direct non-medical expenses (transportation and caregiver wage loss) forming the bulk of the costs. Higher expenditure was significantly associated with advanced-stage cancer and the absence of government financial assistance (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). Female patients and lower socioeconomic strata were more likely to experience catastrophic health spending.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cancer patients receiving palliative care in Hyderabad face substantial OOPE, mainly driven by non-medical costs. Strengthening financial protection mechanisms and expanding public funding for community palliative services is crucial.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_886_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T07:00:07Z","timestamp":1758524407000},"page":"S2138-S2140","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Out-of-Pocket Expenditure for HNF Palliative Care Among Cancer Patients in the Urban Centre of Hyderabad: A Cross-Sectional Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Shrikanth","family":"Muralidharan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research, NIN, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ram Devendra","family":"Gudgila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, MUHS, Pune Regional Centre, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ketaki Parimal","family":"Chaudhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of School of Health Care Administration, MUHS, Regional Center, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhuri Uttamrao","family":"Misal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, MIT - WPU University, Pune, Maharashtra, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sushma","family":"Katkuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Malla Reddy Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1840","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60919-2","article-title":"Global burden of cancer in 2008:A systematic analysis of disability-adjusted life-years in 12 world regions","volume":"380","author":"Soerjomataram","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R2-20250930","first-page":"E359","article-title":"Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide:Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN","volume":"136","author":"Ferlay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Cancer"},{"key":"R3-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1603","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2023.1603","article-title":"Head and neck cancer burden in India:An analysis from published data of 37 population-based cancer registries","volume":"17","author":"Bagal","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"},{"key":"R4-20250930","first-page":"209","article-title":"Global Cancer Statistics 2020:GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"R7-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.25259\/IJPC_23_2022","article-title":"Cost analysis on total cost incurred (including out-of-pocket expenditure and social cost) during palliative care in cases of head-and-neck cancer at a Government Regional Cancer Centre in North India","volume":"28","author":"Harsvardhan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Indian J Palliat Care"},{"key":"R8-20250930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3332\/ecancer.2021.1252","article-title":"A prospective study to determine the cost of illness for oral cancer in India","volume":"15","author":"Singh","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ecancermedicalscience"}],"container-title":["Journal of Pharmacy and Bioallied Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_886_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:43:59Z","timestamp":1787067839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_886_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"Suppl 3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_886_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0976-4879","0975-7406"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0976-4879","type":"print"},{"value":"0975-7406","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-06","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}