{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:18:56Z","timestamp":1787771936754,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"Suppl 1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate the effect of 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and sterilization on the nanostructural alteration of nickel titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary file systems in endodontics using the atomic force microscopy (AFM).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study was performed on four commercially available rotary Ni-Ti files: group I\u2014Vortex Blue (Dentsply), group II\u2014ProTaper Next (Dentsply), group III\u2014Mtwo (VDW), and group IV\u2014iRaCe (FKG). Each group was divided into four subgroups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 4), that is, subgroup A\u2014control (new rotary file), subgroup B\u2014subjected for five cycles of autoclave, subgroup C\u2014immersed in 5.25% NaOCl for 5 minutes, and subgroup D\u2014immersed in 17% EDTA solutions for 5 minutes. All the specimens were evaluated with AFM using roughness average (RA) and root-mean-square (RMS) values for surface roughness.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among control groups, Vortex Blue showed the least RA and RMS values; the highest surface roughness was seen with Mtwo files. All the Ni-Ti rotary files showed a statistically significant (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;0.05) increase in surface hardness when subjected to autoclave and treatment with different irrigating solutions. In particular, 17% EDTA caused the highest surface deterioration in all the groups.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>AFM analysis revealed increased surface roughness values recorded for all the rotary files when treated with irrigating solutions and autoclave cycles.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_891_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,29]],"date-time":"2024-02-29T15:03:15Z","timestamp":1709218995000},"page":"S613-S618","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effect of Sterilization and Irrigating Solutions on Nanostructure Alteration of Ni-Ti Rotary Instruments in Endodontics: An Atomic Force Microscopic Study"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Izaz","family":"Shaik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhargavi","family":"Dasari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rutgers School of Dental Medicine, Newark, New Jersey, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Satish","family":"Alapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endodontics, UIC College of Dentistry, Illinois, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Padma C.","family":"Dhavala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Drs. 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