{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:59:59Z","timestamp":1787169599540,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Identification of latent tuberculosis (TB) infection is important in kidney transplant candidates. Due to the absence of a gold standard, both tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) are used to screen patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement of these two tests in patients undergoing renal transplantation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Two hundred kidney transplant candidates at a referral center in 2014\u20132017 were included in this study. TST and Quantiferon-Gold (QFT-G) tests were performed for all patients before transplantation. In case of a positive result in any of the tests, patients were administered a 9-month prophylaxis treatment using isoniazid. Cohen's kappa coefficient (k) test was used to determine the agreement between the two tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The mean age of patients was 40.72 \u00b1 18.33. Nine (4.5%) patients had positive TST and 16 (8%) had positive IGRA. Concordance of the two tests was evaluated as medium (\u03ba = 0.44 and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.001). No association was found between the underlying causes of renal failure and skin test positive or IGRA. The tests showed a poor agreement among diabetics, candidates of re-transplantation, and those who were on dialysis for longer than a year (\u03ba &lt; 0.20).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TST or IGRA can be used to screen TB in kidney transplant candidates with a moderate agreement. However, we suggest using both TST and QFT-G in diabetics, re-transplant candidates, and those on dialysis for &gt;1 year.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.jrms_708_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]],"date-time":"2021-10-18T16:48:24Z","timestamp":1634575704000},"page":"88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Agreement between the results of tuberculin skin test and Interferon-Gamma Release Assays in renal transplant candidates"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Shiva","family":"Samavat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam","family":"Alahyari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Sangian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malihe","family":"Nasiri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohsen","family":"Nafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Firoozan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fariba","family":"Samadian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nooshin","family":"Dalili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Poorrezagholi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R2-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002152","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002152","article-title":"The global burden of latent tuberculosis infection: A re-estimation using mathematical modelling","volume":"13","author":"Houben","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R3-88-20240830","first-page":"1","article-title":"Updated guidelines for using Interferon Gamma Release Assays to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection \u2013 United States, 2010","volume":"59","author":"Mazurek","year":"2010","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"R4-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e022445","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-022445","article-title":"Screening and prevention for latent tuberculosis in immunosuppressed patients at risk for tuberculosis: A systematic review of clinical practice guidelines","volume":"8","author":"Hasan","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"R5-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1179\/2295333714Y.0000000043","article-title":"Tuberculin skin test versus interferon-gamma release assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis infection","volume":"69","author":"De Keyser","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Clin Belg"},{"key":"R6-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3062.2009.00475.x","article-title":"Tuberculosis following solid organ transplantation","volume":"12","author":"Lopez de Castilla","year":"2010","journal-title":"Transpl Infect Dis"},{"key":"R7-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.5500\/wjt.v7.i3.213","article-title":"Tuberculosis in kidney transplant recipients: A case series","volume":"7","author":"Anand","year":"2017","journal-title":"World J Transplant"},{"key":"R8-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1421","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15220","article-title":"Influence of epidemiology, immunosuppressive regimens, clinical presentation, and treatment on kidney transplant outcomes of patients diagnosed with tuberculosis: A retrospective cohort analysis","volume":"19","author":"Viana","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Transplant"},{"key":"R9-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2301-4","article-title":"Comparing interferon-gamma release assays with tuberculin skin test for identifying latent tuberculosis infection that progresses to active tuberculosis: Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"17","author":"Auguste","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R10-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"601737","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/601737","article-title":"Interferon-gamma release assays versus tuberculin skin testing for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection: An overview of the evidence","volume":"2013","author":"Trajman","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pulm Med"},{"key":"R11-88-20240830","first-page":"S26","article-title":"Concordance of the tuberculin skin test and T-SPOT(\u00ae).TB test results in kidney transplant candidates","volume":"19","author":"Sherkat","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"R12-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1359","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.149.5.8173779","article-title":"Treatment of tuberculosis and tuberculosis infection in adults and children. American Thoracic Society and The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"149","author":"Bass","year":"1994","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"R13-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22375","article-title":"Comparison of the 2-step tuberculin skin test and the quantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube Test for the screening of tuberculosis infection before liver transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Casas","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Transpl"},{"key":"R14-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_116_19","article-title":"The sequential assay of interleukin10 and 13 serum levels in relation to radiographic changes during pulmonary tuberculosis treatment","volume":"25","author":"Mortazavi Moghaddam","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"R15-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_74_19","article-title":"The evaluation of interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 in the serum of pulmonary sarcoidosis and tuberculosis patients","volume":"25","author":"Abedini","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Res Med Sci"},{"key":"R16-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1657","DOI":"10.1086\/599035","article-title":"Tuberculosis after solid-organ transplant: Incidence, risk factors, and clinical characteristics in the RESITRA (Spanish Network of Infection in Transplantation) cohort","volume":"48","author":"Torre-Cisneros","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-019-01285-7","article-title":"Latent tuberculosis infection in transplant candidates: A systematic review and meta-analysis on TST and IGRA","volume":"47","author":"Nasiri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"R18-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiac.2017.04.002","article-title":"Comparison of interferon-\u03b3 release assays, QuantiFERON TB-GIT and T-Spot. TB, in renal transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Ishikawa","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Infect Chemother"},{"key":"R19-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-012-0291-0","article-title":"Comparison of the tuberculin skin test and interferon-\u03b3 release assay for the diagnosis of latent tuberculosis infection before kidney transplantation","volume":"41","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Infection"},{"key":"R20-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"244","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2014.987813","article-title":"Role of QuantiFERON(\u00ae)-TB Gold In-Tube in tuberculosis contact investigation: Experience in a tuberculosis unit","volume":"47","author":"Gonz\u015blez-Moreno","year":"2015","journal-title":"Infect Dis (Lond"},{"key":"R21-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1186\/s12882-017-0506-9","article-title":"Poor predictability of QuantiFERON-TB assay in recipients and donors for tuberculosis development after kidney transplantation in an intermediate-TB-burden country","volume":"18","author":"Jambaldorj","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Nephrol"},{"key":"R22-88-20240830","first-page":"1122","article-title":"Skin test reactions to Mycobacterium tuberculosis purified protein derivative and Mycobacterium avium sensitin among health care workers and medical students in the United States","volume":"5","author":"von Reyn","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R23-88-20240830","first-page":"1192","article-title":"False-positive tuberculin skin tests: What is the absolute effect of BCG and non-tuberculous mycobacteria?","volume":"10","author":"Farhat","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R24-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"63","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-3157","article-title":"Predictive value of interferon-\u03b3 release assays and tuberculin skin testing for progression from latent TB infection to disease state: A meta-analysis","volume":"142","author":"Diel","year":"2012","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"R25-88-20240830","first-page":"446","article-title":"Analysis of discordance between the tuberculin skin test and the interferon-gamma release assay","volume":"13","author":"Machado","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R27-88-20240830","first-page":"329","article-title":"Interferon-gamma release assay agreement with tuberculin skin test in pretransplant screening for latent tuberculosis in a high-prevalence country","volume":"8","author":"Savaj","year":"2014","journal-title":"Iran J Kidney Dis"},{"key":"R28-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"114","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/287181","article-title":"Interferon-gamma release assays are a better tuberculosis screening test for hemodialysis patients: A study and review of the literature","volume":"23","author":"Grant","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can J Infect Dis Med Microbiol"},{"key":"R29-88-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2686","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2012.09.060","article-title":"Clinical features and outcomes of tuberculosis in solid organ transplant recipients","volume":"44","author":"Bodro","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplant Proc"}],"container-title":["Journal of Research in Medical Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_708_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:09:50Z","timestamp":1787166590000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jrms.JRMS_708_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jrms.jrms_708_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1735-1995"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1735-1995","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}}}