{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T22:14:02Z","timestamp":1790115242546,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Fibrocystic breast disease (FBD) is a prevalent benign breast disorder primarily affecting women of reproductive age. Characterized by breast pain (mastalgia), cystic and solid breast lesions, and associated hormonal imbalances. Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland, exhibits potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and has been shown to improve sleep quality and mental health in various clinical populations. These properties suggest that melatonin may be a promising therapeutic option for symptom management in women with FBD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial enrolled 66 women aged 18\u201340 years with FBD, diagnosed according to American Cancer Society guidelines, at Beheshti Clinic, Kashan University of Medical Sciences. Participants were randomized to receive either melatonin (6 mg\/day;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 33) or placebo (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 33) for 12 weeks. Primary outcomes included breast pain severity and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), while secondary outcomes assessed sleep quality, depression, anxiety, and biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation, including total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Findings:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      After 12 weeks, melatonin supplementation resulted in a significant reduction in breast pain scores (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.006) and improvement in sleep quality (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.02) compared to placebo. Additionally, TAC was significantly increased in the melatonin group (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.01). No significant differences were observed for depression, anxiety, serum hs-CRP, or MDA levels.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twelve weeks of melatonin supplementation (6 mg\/day) significantly alleviates breast pain, enhances sleep quality, and improves antioxidant status in women with FBD. These findings support the use of melatonin as a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for FBD symptom management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jrpp.jrpp_63_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,25]],"date-time":"2026-02-25T04:00:26Z","timestamp":1771992026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Melatonin Supplementation Improves Pain, Sleep Quality, and Total Plasma Antioxidant Capacity in Women with Fibrocystic Breast Disease: A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Esmaeel","family":"Abdolrahim-Kashi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery, Trauma Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, 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