{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:33:10Z","timestamp":1787070790573,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Vector-borne haemoprotozoan diseases comprise diverse group of single celled organism transmitted by haematophagus invertebrates. The current study was aimed at the identification of major haemoprotozoan\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">(Babesia, Theileria and Trypanosoma)<\/jats:italic>\n                      in dromedary camel of North Gujarat region in India using microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 234 blood samples were screened by the microscopic and molecular detection assays. Molecular prevalence studies of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Theileria<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trypanosoma spp<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Babesia<\/jats:italic>\n                      was undertaken using 18s ribosomal DNA, RoTat 1.2 and SS rRNA gene respectively. The data relating to microscopic and molecular prevalence along with associated risk factors were analysed by statistical methods.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The overall prevalence of hamoprotozoan disease based on microscopic and molecular investigation was 23.50%. The sensitivity and specificity (95% Confidence Interval) of PCR assay was 100% in comparison to microscopy (45.45 % sensitive and 100 % specific). The kappa coefficient between PCR and microscopy indicated good level of agreement with a value of 0.704 and SE of 0.159.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite holding much significance to the animal sector, little work has been undertaken in regional parts of India regarding camel parasites. The present study offers first preliminary research data investigating haemoprotozoan disease using parasitological and molecular methods in camels in the region.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_105_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:02:57Z","timestamp":1718928177000},"page":"259-266","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Microscopic and molecular investigation of vector borne haemoprotozoan diseases in dromedary camel of North Gujarat, India"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Dhyanjyoti","family":"Sarma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bhupamani","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinics (Veterinary Parasitology) and Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niral","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arun","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhinav","family":"Suthar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kamdhenu University, Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. 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