{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:36:10Z","timestamp":1787070970992,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773187200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cutaneous (CL) and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis (MCL) are vector-borne infections with overlapping etiologies but distinct clinical presentations and therapeutic challenges. Data on factors influencing treatment duration in these forms remain limited, particularly in endemic regions. To compare clinical characteristics of CL and MCL and to identify predictors of treatment duration among patients treated with intramuscular pentavalent antimonials.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study analyzed 306 laboratory-confirmed leishmaniasis cases (274 CL, 32 MCL) diagnosed via smear, biopsy, or PCR from 2007 to 2023. Demographic and clinical data, lesion characteristics, and treatment responses were compared using nonparametric statistical methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 306 patients (54.9% female; median age 22 years), MCL cases exhibited significantly smaller lesion diameters (1.73 cm vs. 2.2 cm,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), more frequent papular lesions (25.0% vs. 11.3%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.024), and unclear lesion margins (34.4% vs. 10.2%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Facial involvement was universal in MCL (100%) and common in CL (85.8%,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.021). Median treatment duration was 15 days [IQR: 12-18]; secondary infection was significantly associated with prolonged treatment (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.042). Clinical improvement was achieved in 97.4% of cases; recurrence occurred in 3.9%.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study identifies distinct lesion features in MCL and underscores secondary infection as a key modifiable factor associated with prolonged therapy. These findings support the need for early recognition, infection control, and tailored clinical strategies to improve leishmaniasis outcomes in endemic settings.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_128_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T06:00:09Z","timestamp":1773208809000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Clinical Characteristics and Determinants of Treatment Duration in Cutaneous and Mucocutaneous Leishmaniasis: A Comparative Analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","author":[{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Esen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdullah","family":"Demirbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esin","family":"Diremsizoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Kocaeli University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Kocaeli, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck\u015fhin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sulin","family":"Temmo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Dicle University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Diyarbak\u0131r, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"container-title":["Journal of Vector Borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_128_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:39:47Z","timestamp":1787067587000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_128_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_128_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-9062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-9062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-05-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-03-02","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}