{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:21:49Z","timestamp":1787775709953,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study was compared the\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies and chemokine ligand 13 (CXCL13) levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from cases diagnosed with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS), and pseudotumour cerebri (PTC).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 43 CSF samples were collected from patients diagnosed with RRMS, RIS and PTC. We prospectively investigated\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                      IgG and IgM antibodies in the CSF samples of the cases by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot (WB) method, and CXCL13 levels by ELISA. Data were statistically analysed using the Spearman rank correlation test.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Five antigens (protein 19, 20, 21, 58, and outer surface protein C (OspC)) were positive due to confirmation of the positive samples for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies by the WB method. There were no significant differences in CSF CXCL13 levels between the three groups. The CXCL13 level was found to be statistically higher in the demyelinating group compared to the PTC group (p=0.001).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Borrelia<\/jats:italic>\n                      antibodies were found positive in CSF samples of RRMS patients. The coexistence of high CXCL13 (may be a potential biomarker) suggests that LNB may also play a role in the etio-pathogenesis of RRMS. In addition, the positive detection of OspC and p58 WB bands in most cases suggests that these protein bands can be used as in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative diseases and Lyme disease.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_130_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T12:02:55Z","timestamp":1736510575000},"page":"320-325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["CXCL13 levels in cerebrospinal fluid in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: The role of Borrelia in neuroinfections"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"\u015eeyda","family":"Karab\u00f6rk","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolu Abant \u0130zzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Bolu, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015eule Aydin","family":"T\u00fcrko\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolu Abant \u0130zzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bolu, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serpil","family":"Yildiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bolu Abant \u0130zzet Baysal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bolu, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatma","family":"Sirmatel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u0130zmir T\u0131naztepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, \u0130zmir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"R1-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.1111\/ene.13819","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis-a review","volume":"26","author":"Dobson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur J Neurol"},{"issue":"10130","key":"R2-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1622","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)30481-1","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"391","author":"Thompson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"R3-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1649502","article-title":"Multiple Sclerosis","volume":"38","author":"Yamout","year":"2018","journal-title":"Semin Neurol"},{"issue":"3","key":"R4-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000206","article-title":"Classification, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of multiple sclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Katz","year":"2015","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"1","key":"R5-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000006583","article-title":"Misdiagnosis of multiple sclerosis: Impact of the 2017 McDonald criteria on clinical practice","volume":"92","author":"Solomon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurol"},{"issue":"4","key":"R6-20250915","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.21117","article-title":"Environmental risk factors for multiple sclerosis. 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