{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:22:10Z","timestamp":1787840530786,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-bome viral infection with a wide geographic distribution globally. The clinical severity of CCHF varies, with reported mortality rates reaching up to 60%. Despite its spread to new geographic areas and its potential to cause severe and fatal disease, no approved vaccine or antiviral treatment is currently available. Studies on the use of ribavirin for CCHF have yielded conflicting results. Consequently, many physicians manage CCHF patients with supportive care. In this study, we share the positive outcomes observed in CCHF patients who were managed exclusively with supportive treatment without the use of ribavirin.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The epidemiological characteristics, laboratory results and treatment outcomes of patients with CCHF diagnosis followed up in our clinic between April 1 2020, and September 31 2023 were evaluated retrospectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study included 20 patients (5 females and 15 male) with confirmed CCHF. Based on the Severity Scoring Index (SSI) scores, 7 patients with SSI 0-2 were classified as mild cases, 12 patients with SSI 3-9 as moderate cases, and 1 patient with SSI 10-13 as a severe case. No patients received ribavirin as part of their treatment. All patients were managed with supportive care, and no mortality was observed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Supportive care remains the standard treatment for CCHF management. The effectiveness of ribavirin in CCHF remains unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_18_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,9]],"date-time":"2025-06-09T06:00:24Z","timestamp":1749448824000},"page":"67-73","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Treatment and management of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Rukiyye","family":"Bulut","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bahar","family":"Kandemir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u0130brahim","family":"Erayman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u0131nar Belviranl\u0131","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Esma Kepenek","family":"Kurt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"R2-20260302","first-page":"268","article-title":"Changing disease course of crimean-congo hemorrhagic fever in children, Turkey","volume":"29","author":"Oygar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emerg Infect Dis"},{"issue":"9","key":"R3-20260302","first-page":"1907","article-title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Asia, Africa and Europe","volume":"9","author":"Shahhosseini","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microorganisms"},{"key":"R5-20260302","first-page":"21","article-title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Turkey: Current status and future challenges","volume":"126","author":"Leblebicioglu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Antiviral Research"},{"issue":"8","key":"R6-20260302","first-page":"574","article-title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: An update","volume":"49","author":"Fill\u00e2tre","year":"2019","journal-title":"M\u00e9decine et Maladies Infectieuses"},{"issue":"1","key":"R7-20260302","first-page":"e1055","article-title":"Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Pakistan, 2022: A warning bell amidst unprecedented floods and COVID 19 pandemic","volume":"6","author":"Tabassum","year":"2023","journal-title":"Health Science Reports"},{"issue":"5","key":"R8-20260302","first-page":"864","article-title":"State of the clinical science working group of the national emerging pathogens training; education center\u2019s special pathogens research network2; State of the clinical science working group of the national emerging pathogens training education center\u2019s special pathogens research network. 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Efficacy of oral ribavirin treatment in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: A quasi-experimental study from Turkey","volume":"58","author":"Ergonul","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Infection"},{"key":"R22-20260302","first-page":"284","article-title":"Biases and misinterpretation in the assessment of the efficacy of oral ribavirin in the treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever","volume":"59","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"4","key":"R23-20260302","first-page":"309","article-title":"Ribavirin efficacy in an in vivo model of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHF) infection","volume":"22","author":"Tignor","year":"1993","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"R24-20260302","first-page":"581","article-title":"Inhibition of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever viral infectivity yields in vitro by ribavirin","volume":"41","author":"Watts","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"issue":"1","key":"R25-20260302","first-page":"21","article-title":"A simple assay for determining antiviral activity against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus","volume":"62","author":"Paragas","year":"2004","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"R26-20260302","first-page":"929","article-title":"The role of ribavirin in the therapy of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever: Early use is promising","volume":"28","author":"Tasdelen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis"},{"key":"R27-20260302","first-page":"3432","article-title":"Identification of the crucial parameters regarding the efficacy of ribavirin therapy in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"74","author":"Arab-bafrani","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Antimicrobial Chemother"},{"issue":"1","key":"R28-20260302","first-page":"65","article-title":"The efficacy of ribavirin in the treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever in Eastern Black Sea region in Turkey","volume":"47","author":"Koksal","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Virol"},{"issue":"3","key":"R29-20260302","first-page":"238","article-title":"Efficacy of oral ribavirin treatment in Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: A quasi-experimental study from Turkey","volume":"58","author":"Elaldi","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"issue":"6","key":"R30-20260302","first-page":"1215","article-title":"Ribavirin for patients with Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"66","author":"Ascioglu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy"},{"key":"R31-20260302","first-page":"941","article-title":"Evaluation of serum levels of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever","volume":"195","author":"Ergonul","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Infect Dis"},{"key":"R32-20260302","first-page":"125","article-title":"Treatment of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever","volume":"78","author":"Ergonul","year":"2008","journal-title":"Antiviral Res"},{"issue":"37","key":"R33-20260302","first-page":"e2304722120","article-title":"Systems-level temporal immune-metabolic profile in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection","volume":"120","author":"Ambikan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["Journal of Vector Borne Diseases"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_18_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T13:24:32Z","timestamp":1787837072000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_18_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_18_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["0972-9062"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0972-9062","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-28","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-05-20","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}