{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:33:01Z","timestamp":1787070781503,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background &amp; objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sandflies are vector insects associated with terrestrial forest ecosystems; in the Ecuadorian Andes, they participate in the transmission of human cutaneous leishmaniasis. This geographical area represents an opportunity to evaluate the role of sandflies as bioindicators of the degree of intervention of tropical humid forest ecosystems (THF) associated with changes in the ecology of the local landscape.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CDC-light traps were used for collecting adult sandflies in February 2020 in a humid tropical forest within the Choc\u00f3 Biosphere Reserve. All species were identified using morphological keys. Analysis data about abundance, richness, species accumulation, diversity index, species composition communities, species sex proportion, spatial sandflies environmental, Renyi\u2019s Diversity Profile were performed to compare six spatial habitats in Mashpi locality, Ecuador.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Sandflies were collected (n-1435); the main species are represented by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichophoromyia reburra, Nyssomyia trapidoi, Psathyromyia aclydifera, Psychodopygus panamensis<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Lutzomyia hartmanni<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Only\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Th. reburra<\/jats:italic>\n                      is associated with not intervened forest, while the other three species are associated with intervened forest within Mashpi in the Choco Biosphere Reserve. The secondary forest has major sandflies\u2019 richness, while the primary forest exhibits major abundance.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Interpretation &amp; conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Th. reburra<\/jats:italic>\n                      is a sandfly restricted to the Andean Forest and is a bioindicator of the high environmental health quality of the forest, while\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ny. trapidoi<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Pa. aclydifera<\/jats:italic>\n                      are bioindicators of environmental disturbances in the forest. Additionally,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ps. panamensis, Lu. hartmanni<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Ny. trapidoi<\/jats:italic>\n                      are bioindicators of human impact and the risk of leishmaniasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_52_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,21]],"date-time":"2024-06-21T00:00:27Z","timestamp":1718928027000},"page":"236-242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Indicators sandflies and environment associated to spatial landscaping change in Choc\u00f3 Biosphere Reserve UNESCO"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Sandra","family":"Enr\u00edquez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud P\u00fablica (GIBCIZ-UCE), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jazzm\u00edn","family":"Arrivillaga-Henr\u00edquez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud P\u00fablica (GIBCIZ-UCE), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Duque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franklin","family":"Vaca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"},{"name":"Grupo de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biodiversidad, Zoonosis y Salud P\u00fablica (GIBCIZ-UCE), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mateo","family":"Rold\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Investigaci\u00f3n y Biolog\u00eda (I&B), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lenin","family":"Ron-Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C Alfonso","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n en Zoonosis (CIZ), Mashpi Lodge, Ecuador"},{"name":"Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20240830","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.3157\/0013-872X(2007)118[351:APOGAS]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"A proposal of generic and subgeneric abbreviations for Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera: Psychodidae: Phlebotominae) of the World","volume":"118","author":"Marcondes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Entomological 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