{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:19:30Z","timestamp":1787775570660,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,7]],"date-time":"2024-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720310400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,1]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n \n Aedes albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Culex pipiens pallens<\/jats:italic>\n are important vectors of many viruses and have had resistance to chemical pesticides. Spinosad is a selective biological insecticide to control urban mosquitoes. The aim of this study was to reveal the sublethal effects of spinosad on mosquitoes and provide reference basis for integrated mosquito management.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n The toxicity of spinosad against\n Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Cx. pipiens pallens<\/jats:italic>\n was determined under laboratory conditions by exposing early third-instar larvae to different concentrations.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n The LC\n 50<\/jats:sub>\n values of spinosad to\n Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Cx. pipiens pallens<\/jats:italic>\n larvaes were were 4.44\u00d710\n -3<\/jats:sup>\n mg\u00b7L\n -1<\/jats:sup>\n and 1.93\u00d710\n -3<\/jats:sup>\n mg\u00b7L\n -1<\/jats:sup>\n respectively after 72 h exposure. Spinosad at sublethal concentrations has many negative effects on\n Ae. albopictus<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Cx. pipiens pallens<\/jats:italic>\n larval, pupae, adult and offspring eggs, including significantly reduced their larvae pupation rate by 51.37% and 58.47%, significantly prolonged pupae length by 21.43% and 16.18%, reduced female wing-spans by 20.19% and 14.89%, reduced male wing-spans by 3.84% and 7.54%, reduced female weight by 29.04% and 31.52%, reduced male weight by 7.47% and 9.07%, reduced female and male ratio by 51.98% and 45.21%, reduced individual egg-laying amount by 15.73% and 35.51%. In addition, offspring egg hatchability were dramatically decreased by 25.71% and 34.04%, egg periods were significantly prolonged by 14.42% and 62.82%, respectively. No significant effect on larval period, pupae emergence rate, female bite rates was observed.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n These results suggest that spinosad might affect pest population dynamics significantly and is fairly expected to be a candidate biological pesticide for mosquito control.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_58_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T02:08:12Z","timestamp":1723082892000},"page":"39-44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Lethal and sublethal effects of spinosad on dengue vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus and bancroftian filariasis vector mosquito, Culex pipiens pallens"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Xiao","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fange","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yongming","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiao","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Vector Biology and Control, Jinan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. 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