{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:24:12Z","timestamp":1787840652216,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,5]],"date-time":"2024-10-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728086400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"\n Background & objectives:<\/jats:title>\n \n Area-specific identification and studies of\n Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n breeding habitat diversity, distribution, and productivity in different seasons are important in designing and advancing effective malaria vector control according to the local context and needs. This study identified and characterized\n Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n breeding habitats for targeted control of malaria vectors in Mazowe and Shamva districts of Zimbabwe.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n \n Repeated cross-sectional surveys were conducted in Mazowe and Shamva districts between April and December 2023. Habitat productivity and physicochemical parameters were measured.\n Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n larvae were collected, reared to adults, and identified using morphological keys. SPSS software was used for data analysis. One-way ANOVA, Fisher\u2019s exact, Pearson\u2019s correlation, and simple linear regression tests were conducted.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Seven different types of\n Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n breeding habitats were identified from 56 sites. The highest mean density of larvae was recorded in stream edge pools during the post-rainfall period.\n Anopheles pretoriensis<\/jats:italic>\n (67.4%),\n An. gambiae s.l.<\/jats:italic>\n (23.1%),\n An. rufipes<\/jats:italic>\n (9.2%) and\n An. coustani<\/jats:italic>\n (0.38%) were breeding in the study area.\n An. pretoriensis<\/jats:italic>\n bred in all habitat types,\n An. coustani<\/jats:italic>\n in swamps only while\n An. gambiae s.l.<\/jats:italic>\n and\n An. rufipes<\/jats:italic>\n preferred stream edge pools, roadside pools, and hoof prints. There was a significant positive correlation between larval density and dissolved oxygen (r = 0.535; p < 0.001) and conductivity (r = 0.288; p = 0.032).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Interpretation & conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n \n Size, origin, and type of breeding habitat were positive indicators for different\n Anopheles<\/jats:italic>\n species in the study area. Potential malaria vector breeding habitats should be targeted for larval control under the current malaria control and elimination phases in the two districts.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jvbd.jvbd_85_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T08:01:56Z","timestamp":1728288116000},"page":"154-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Characterization of Anopheles mosquito breeding habitats for malaria vector control in Mazowe and Shamva districts, Zimbabwe"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"David Singleton","family":"Nyasvisvo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences and Ecology, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tamuka","family":"Nhiwatiwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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