{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:39:24Z","timestamp":1787841564901,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["JWAS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Idiopathic clubfoot occurs commonly in children with a prevalence of 1 in 1000. The Pirani scoring system, which consists of a midfoot contracture score and hindfoot contracture score, is traditionally used in assessing the severity of clubfoot deformity. Ponseti protocol is used in the management of clubfoot deformity. The study aimed to evaluate the outcome of the management of clubfoot using the Ponseti protocol and to correlate the outcome with the initial Pirani score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eighty-two children aged 1 week\u20132 years with 128 idiopathic clubfeet were recruited into the study. The severity of their clubfoot deformities was scored using the Pirani scoring system on recruitment. They were managed with weekly serial manipulation and cast application with or without tendon-Achilles tenotomy according to Ponseti protocol.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average initial Pirani score was 3.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9. The average number of casts used was 5.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.3 (range: 4\u20139 casts). Tenotomy was done in 51.56% of the feet. The group that required tenotomy required more casts and as such longer duration of treatment than the \u201cno tenotomy\u201d group. There was a relapse rate of 2% in the feet of the compliant group, whereas the relapse rate was 69% in the group that was not compliant with the use of foot-abduction brace. The success rate at 6 months follow-up was 84.4%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ponseti protocol is an excellent method of management of idiopathic clubfoot, and the Pirani scoring system was useful in assessing the initial severity and the outcome. The initial Pirani score correlates with the duration of treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_106_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,8]],"date-time":"2024-08-08T12:58:23Z","timestamp":1723121903000},"page":"270-274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Management outcome of congenital talipes equinovarus (clubfoot) using Ponseti protocol at Lagos University Teaching Hospital"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"George Okwudilichukwu","family":"Enweluzo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adaugo G","family":"Ohadugha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ikenna C","family":"Ezenwa-Ahanene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Obinna I","family":"Udechukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"UtibeAbasi Ime","family":"Edem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001-20240907","first-page":"203","article-title":"Congenital club foot in a teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria","volume":"38","author":"Adewole","year":"2009","journal-title":"Afr J Med Med Sci"},{"key":"CIT0002-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.4314\/wajm.v24i2.28174","article-title":"The pattern of congenital orthopaedic malformations in an African Teaching Hospital","volume":"24","author":"Omololu","year":"2005","journal-title":"West Afr J Med"},{"key":"CIT0003-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1097\/00003086-197205000-00003","article-title":"Genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of talipes equinovarus, talipes calcaneovalgus, and metatarsus varus","volume":"84","author":"Wynne-Davies","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Rel Res"},{"key":"CIT0004-20240907","first-page":"712","article-title":"In of congenital talipes eqinovarus among children in southeastNigeria","volume":"2","author":"Ukoha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Biol Med Res"},{"key":"CIT0005-20240907","first-page":"843","article-title":"Genetics of clubfoot in Maori and Pacific people","volume":"36","author":"Chapman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"CIT0006-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"633","DOI":"10.1016\/S1083-7515(24)00064-0","article-title":"The clubfoot diagnosis and treatment in infancy","volume":"3","author":"Gourineni","year":"1998","journal-title":"Foot Ankle Clin"},{"key":"CIT0007-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1477","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-199510000-00002","article-title":"Treatment of idiopathic clubfoot: A thirty-year follow-up note","volume":"77-A","author":"Cooper","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"CIT0008-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200011000-00001","article-title":"Club foot management","volume":"20","author":"Ponseti","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop B"},{"key":"CIT0009-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.113.2.376","article-title":"Radical reduction in the rate of extensive corrective surgery for clubfoot using the Ponseti method","volume":"113","author":"Morcuende","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatrics"},{"key":"CIT0011-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200207000-00019","article-title":"Ponseti versus traditional methods of casting for idiopathic club foot","volume":"22","author":"Herzenberg","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"CIT0012-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200401000-00005","article-title":"Factors predictive of outcome after use of the Ponseti method for the treatment of idiopathic clubfeet","volume":"86-A","author":"Dobbs","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"CIT0013-20240907","first-page":"641","article-title":"Aetiology, pathoanatomy, pathogenesis and the changing spectrum of early management","volume":"20","author":"Drvaric","year":"1989","journal-title":"Orthop Clin North Am"},{"key":"CIT0015-20240907","first-page":"539","article-title":"Congenital talipes in Malaysian neonates: Incidence, pattern and associated factors","volume":"31","author":"Boo","year":"1990","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"key":"CIT0016-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280701240169","article-title":"Club foot treatment in Malawi\u2014A public health approach","volume":"29","author":"Lavy","year":"2007","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"CIT0017-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bpo.0000162015.44865.5e","article-title":"Results of an accelerated Ponseti protocol for clubfoot","volume":"25","author":"Morcuende","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"CIT0018-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-198062010-00004","article-title":"Long-term results of treatment of congenital clubfoot","volume":"62","author":"Laaveg","year":"1980","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"CIT0019-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.88B8.17482","article-title":"The role of the Pirani scoring system in the management of clubfoot by the Ponseti method","volume":"88-B","author":"Dyer","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"CIT0020-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.2106\/JBJS.F.00169","article-title":"Early clubfoot recurrence after use of the Ponseti method in a New Zealand population","volume":"89-A","author":"Haft","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"CIT0022-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1097\/01241398-200407000-00001","article-title":"Predicting the need for tenotomy in the Ponseti method for correction of clubfeet","volume":"24","author":"Scher","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"CIT0023-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-010-0287-1","article-title":"Does Pirani\u2019s score predict relapse in clubfoot?","volume":"4","author":"Goriainov","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"CIT0024-20240907","first-page":"55","article-title":"Relapsing clubfoot: Causes, prevention, and treatment","volume":"22","author":"Ponseti","year":"2002","journal-title":"Iowa Orthop J"},{"key":"CIT0025-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1097\/bpo.0b013e318070cc19","article-title":"A new dynamic foot abduction orthosis for clubfoot treatment","volume":"27","author":"Chen","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pediatr Orthop"},{"key":"CIT0026-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200401000-00005","article-title":"Factors predictive of outcome after use of the Ponseti method for the treatment of idiopathic clubfeet","volume":"86","author":"Dobbs","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"key":"CIT0027-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1298","DOI":"10.1007\/s11999-009-0718-9","article-title":"Is it possible to treat recurrent clubfoot with the Ponseti method after posteromedial release?","volume":"467","author":"Nogueira","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin Orthop"}],"container-title":["Journal of West African College of Surgeons"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_106_23","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:01:46Z","timestamp":1787839306000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_106_23"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_106_23","relation":{},"ISSN":["2276-6944"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2276-6944","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-17","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-06-06","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}