{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T14:39:13Z","timestamp":1787841553826,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J West Afr Coll Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) is the surgical specialty concerned with the treatment of a broad range of conditions that affect the head, face, mouth, neck, and jaw. In Africa, there is a paucity of information about the specialist training available to aspiring African Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper aimed at shedding light on the available OMFS specialist training programmes and training pathways across Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors searched on PubMed, AJOL, and Google Scholar using the keywords \u201cAfrica,\u201d \u201cOral and Maxillofacial Surgery,\u201d \u201cResidency,\u201d \u201cPostgraduate,\u201d and \u201cEducation\u201d and the individual African countries in English and official languages from inception till July 11, 2022. The authors utilised a questionnaire to interview native oral and maxillofacial surgeons and dentists in African countries where there were no published data on OMFS specialist training.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 21 (38.8%) African countries had OMFS specialist training programmes (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 69). The duration of training varies between 2 and 7 years. The number of training programmes per country ranges between one and thirteen. Countries with the most training programmes for OMFS in Africa are Nigeria, Egypt, Sudan, and Algeria. Northern Africa and Central Africa had the most and least numbers of specialist training programmes in OMFS, respectively.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There remains a disparity in the number of specialist training programmes available to aspiring African Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons as compared with other parts of the world. This paper is intended to function both as a means of advocacy to increase funding and resources in support of the infrastructure and development of facilities for African OMFS specialist training programmes and also serve as a valuable reference for future research in OMFS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_112_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,9]],"date-time":"2024-08-09T13:00:48Z","timestamp":1723208448000},"page":"199-207","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Oral and maxillofacial surgery: Availability of specialist training and different training pathways across Africa"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Opeyemi Victor","family":"Oyeyemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Maxillofacial Surgery Section, Surgery Interest Group of Africa, Zaria, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Dental Surgery, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Amir","family":"Rais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Algiers, Algiers, Algeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Osamende Great","family":"Eguavoen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Dentistry, University of Benin, Benin-City, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alufa","family":"Oluwaferanmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hager","family":"Abdalazez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Temidayo","family":"Osunronbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosurgery Department, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1808","DOI":"10.4236\/ce.2018.912131","article-title":"The pre and final year dental students\u2019 attitudes, perception towards postgraduate specialization in Kinshasa University","volume":"9","author":"Fidele","year":"2018","journal-title":"Crea Educ"},{"key":"CIT0002-20240907","first-page":"216","article-title":"Early-phase dental students\u2019 motivations and expectations concerning the study and profession of dentistry","volume":"63","author":"Lalloo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J South Afr Dent Assoc"},{"key":"CIT0003-20240907","first-page":"21","article-title":"Dosumu O choice of speciality training among Nigerian dental graduates","volume":"77","author":"Arowojolu","year":"1997","journal-title":"Trop Dental J"},{"key":"CIT0004-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.7196\/AJHPE.2017.v9i1.670","article-title":"Specialty choice among dental students in Ibadan, Nigeria","volume":"9","author":"Kanmodi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Afr J Health Prof Educ"},{"key":"CIT0005-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1007\/s12663-017-1020-0","article-title":"Training pathways in oral and maxillofacial surgery across the globe\u2014A mini review","volume":"16","author":"Kumar","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Maxillofac Oral Surg"},{"key":"CIT0006-20240907","first-page":"27","article-title":"Oral and maxillofacial surgery in Africa","volume":"43","author":"Obiri-Yeboah","year":"2021","journal-title":"Africa Health"},{"key":"CIT0008-20240907","first-page":"1","article-title":"The critical shortage of healthcare workers in sub-Saharan Africa: A comprehensive review","author":"Haseeb","year":"2018","journal-title":"Heal Sci Med"},{"key":"CIT0009-20240907","first-page":"1545","article-title":"Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators. 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