{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T16:37:02Z","timestamp":1787071022543,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]],"date-time":"2025-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757116800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J West Afr Coll Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urogenital trauma accounts for 10% of all traumas. Although mortality arising from isolated urogenital trauma is rare, there can be a lifelong morbidity. The objective of this study was to determine the pattern of urogenital trauma and management outcomes in Lafia, Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a retrospective study conducted between November 2018 and December 2021 at Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nigeria. Patients with urogenital trauma who presented within the study period were identified and information retrieved from their medical records. The sociodemographic data, pattern of presentation, site of trauma, aetiology of trauma, type of treatment, and the immediate outcome were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total number of 77 patients were involved in this study. The age range was 2 years to 69 years, with a mean age was 38.6 \u00b1 12.2 years. The male\u2013female ratio was 5:1. The genitalia (penis, scrotum, and testis) were the most affected in 37.7% of the patients, followed by the urethra (25.9%). Road traffic accidents (RTAs) were the commonest cause of trauma (50.7%), followed by iatrogenic causes (16.9%) and gunshot injuries (15.6%). Most of the renal and extraperitoneal bladder injuries were managed nonoperatively, while most other injuries, especially ureteric and genital injuries, were managed surgically.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urogenital trauma, although rare, can cause a lifelong morbidity. Majority were caused by RTA,s followed by iatrogenic causes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_24_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T10:01:38Z","timestamp":1757412098000},"page":"154-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Epidemiology and Management Outcome of Urogenital Trauma in Lafia, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Christian Agbo","family":"Agbo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Benue State University, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria"},{"name":"Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nasarawa, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chibuzor Godwin","family":"Nwachukwu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Medical Centre, Owo, Ondo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musa Yahaya","family":"Muhammad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University Teaching Hospital, Lafia, Nasarawa, Nigeria"},{"name":"University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"509","DOI":"10.4236\/oju.2022.1210050","article-title":"Urogenital trauma: Epidemiological and diagnostic aspects at the Borgou University and Departmental Hospital Center (Benin)","volume":"12","author":"Sambo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Open J Urol"},{"key":"CIT0002-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1016\/j.afju.2016.11.001","article-title":"Prise en charge urgente et diff\u00e9r\u00e9e des traumatismes urog\u00e9nitaux au CHU Souro Sanon de 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Res Med Sci"},{"key":"CIT0006-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2033","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.297095071","article-title":"Kidney in danger: CT findings of blunt and penetrating renal trauma","volume":"29","author":"Raquel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"CIT0007-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.9734\/JAMMR\/2018\/39232","article-title":"Changing pattern of genitourinary injuries in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Ekeke","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Adv Med Med Res"},{"key":"CIT0008-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/s13017-019-0274-x","article-title":"Kidney and uro-trauma: WSES-AAST guidelines","volume":"14","author":"Coccolini","year":"2019","journal-title":"World J Emerg Surg"},{"key":"CIT0009-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1514","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.09.2470","article-title":"Imaging of genitourinary trauma","volume":"192","author":"Ramchandani","year":"2009","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"CIT0010-20260318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-015-0516-x","article-title":"Management of blunt renal injury: What is new?","volume":"41","author":"Kautza","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg"}],"container-title":["Journal of West African College of Surgeons"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_24_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:40:27Z","timestamp":1787067627000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_24_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/jwas.jwas_24_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["2276-6944","2992-5827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2276-6944","type":"print"},{"value":"2992-5827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-02-02","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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