{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T17:23:01Z","timestamp":1787764981022,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J West Afr Coll Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migraine is a group of headache syndromes, with a prevalence of 5%\u201325%. Migraine is a complex recurrent headache disorder, often unilateral, throbbing or pulsating in nature aggravated by physical activity, bright light, and loud noises. Symptoms associated with migraine without aura are nausea, anorexia, and varying degrees of ophthalmic problems ranging from visual aura, ocular symptoms, and ophthalmoplegia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study determined the pattern and ophthalmic manifestations of migraine in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was an observational cross-sectional study. Ethical clearance was obtained from the research ethical committee of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH). A total of 254 patients diagnosed with migraine using international headache society criteria attending neurology clinic in AKTH were interviewed and examined using a structured questionnaire which captured the biodata, pattern of migraine and ocular symptoms associated with migraine. The data obtained were collated and analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences, version 23.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Of the 254 patients examined, there were 95 (37.4%) males and 159 (62.6%) females, (M:F = 1:2) with mean age of 28.9\u2009\u00b1\u20099.7 years. Migraine without aura was the commonest type seen in 55.8% of patients. Most patients had unilateral headaches. About 52.8% and 57.5% had headaches that were throbbing in nature. The headache lasted for 72\u2009h in 48.2% and 48\u2009h in 30.3%. It was triggered by physical stress in 49.6% and lack of sleep in 46.5%. The commonest associated symptom was nausea in 44.9%, tinnitus in 39.0%, and vomiting in 29.1%. While the commonest ocular\/visual symptom was photophobia in 76% of patients. Most of the patients had family history of migraine (62.8%). Migraine without aura (MWOA) was found to be significantly associated with female gender (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001; OR = 2.48; 95% CI: 1.45\u20134.25). Scotoma, fortifying spectra were significantly associated with migraine with aura (MWA;\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.0004; OR = 28.46; 95% CI: 11.53\u201370.35).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Migraine is one of the most common types of primary headache. There is a female preponderance. Migraine has significant association with visual disturbances and ocular symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_80_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,11]],"date-time":"2023-12-11T08:18:44Z","timestamp":1702282724000},"page":"76-82","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ophthalmic manifestations of migraine in a Nigerian tertiary health facility"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Eiman","family":"Bashir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"},{"name":"St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospital, Health Education England-East Midlands, Leicestershire, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lawan","family":"Abdu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano\/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Isyaku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zahraddeen Garba","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano\/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saudat Garba","family":"Habib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano\/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Musbahu Sani","family":"Kurawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano\/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sadiq","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Bayero University Kano\/Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Kano, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15","DOI":"10.1186\/1129-2377-15-15","article-title":"The evolution of headache from childhood to adulthood: A review of the literature","volume":"15","author":"Antonaci","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Headache 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