{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:28:18Z","timestamp":1787761698326,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]],"date-time":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1758240000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J West Afr Coll Surg"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cavernous venous insufficiency (CVI) is a common cause of medical treatment failure in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED). Endothelial dysfunction and replacement of cavernosal smooth muscles by collagen fibres affect expansion of the cavernous sinusoids with attendant poor compression of the emissary veins against the tunica albuginea which results ultimately in venous leak. This study was aimed at using duplex Doppler sonography to evaluate the pattern of findings in patients with CVI in our facility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This prospective study was conducted from August 2017 to January 2023 at the Federal Medical Centre, Abuja, and the University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja. Twenty-nine consecutive patients aged 30\u201365 years, with clinical diagnosis of ED who did not respond well to medical treatment, were evaluated with duplex Doppler ultrasound scan of the penis. Following intracavernosal injection of prostaglandin E\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                      , the spectral waveforms as well as peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end diastolic velocity of the cavernosal artery (CA) were recorded at 5\u2009min intervals till 30\u2009min post-injection.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The age range of the participants was 30\u201365 years (mean = 46.7 \u00b1 16.2 years), while those with CVI were 42\u201362 years (mean = 54.3 \u00b1 7.8 years). All the participants had normal arterial inflow with PSV of CA above 25\u2009cm\/s. CVI was observed in 10 patients (34.5%), and increasing age was found to be a major factor in the aetiology of CVI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>CVI was observed in many of our patients, and they were all above 40 years of age which suggests ageing as an important factor in its aetiology. Colour Doppler assessment of the penis is therefore recommended in every patient with ED before initiating treatment, as that will aid patients\u2019 selection for targeted therapy and, by extension, avert treatment failure.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/jwas.jwas_83_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,22]],"date-time":"2025-09-22T11:00:15Z","timestamp":1758538815000},"page":"311-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Duplex Doppler Evaluation of Cavernous Venous Insufficiency in Patients with Erectile Dysfunction in Abuja, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Joshua Oluwafemi","family":"Aiyekomogbon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ukamaka Dorothy","family":"Itanyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terka","family":"Atim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"CIT0001-20260608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3572","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.02062.x","article-title":"Summary of the recommendations on sexual dysfunctions in men","volume":"7","author":"Montorsi","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Sex Med"},{"key":"CIT0002-20260608","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"878670","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/878670","article-title":"Erectile dysfunction in the elderly: An old widespread issue with novel treatment 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