{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T20:41:49Z","timestamp":1786653709129,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hallervorden\u2013Spatz syndrome, now known as pantothenate kinase\u2013associated neurodegeneration (PKAN), is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that is characterized by cerebral iron deposition and leads to progressive extrapyramidal dysfunction and dementia. Most commonly seen in the first two decades of a person\u2019s life, it is a differential for patients presenting with atypical progressive extrapyramidal disorder and cognitive impairment. It is characterized by progressive degeneration of the basal ganglia, globus pallidus, and the reticular part of the substantia nigra due to iron accumulation. The characteristic MRI brain pattern of the disease shows the eye-of-the-tiger sign. We report cases of early onset PKAN in two sisters of the same family, in which diagnosis was based on clinical features, lab parameters, and MRI imaging findings. This report aims to differentiate PKAN from other static and progressive neurological illnesses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/ni.ni_1135_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,1]],"date-time":"2024-05-01T13:01:34Z","timestamp":1714568494000},"page":"411-413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Case of Hallervorden\u2013Spatz Syndrome: A Tale of Twin Sisters"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Naveen","family":"Reddy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jitender","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, New Delhi, 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