{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T20:05:33Z","timestamp":1787169933215,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Polymyxin B was widely used to treat drug-resistant gram-negative bacteria and showed a better antibacterial effect. However, it is associated with some side effects. It should be remembered that polymyxin B may cause hyperpigmentation, albeit rare. This is a case report of a 68-year-old male patient who developed hyperpigmentation following treatment of a chest infection with polymyxin B. He was a known patient with chronic kidney diasease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease followed up in the intensive care unit due to acute exacerbation of COPD. Later, polymyxin B treatment was started due to the development of pneumonia caused by the multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. On the second day of polymyxin B treatment, hyperpigmentation developed in the face and neck region. The fact that the patient had chronic kidney disease possibly facilitated the development of skin hyperpigmentation due to the cumulative effect of polymyxin B. Hyperpigmentation which a rare side effect of polymyxin B may occur in those with underlying kidney disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_185_23","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,22]],"date-time":"2023-09-22T04:28:17Z","timestamp":1695356897000},"page":"1393-1395","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Hyperpigmentation on Head and Neck Caused by Polymyxin B: A Rare Case"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"F","family":"Kaya","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Ahi Evren Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Health Sciences University Trabzon, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Tu\u011fcugil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Karadeniz Technical University, Faculty of Medicine, Trabzon, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"272","DOI":"10.1590\/S0080-6234201400002000011","article-title":"Nephrotoxicity of polymyxin B:Experimental study in cells and implications for nursing practice","volume":"48","author":"Neiva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Esc Enferm USP"},{"key":"R2-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"679109","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/679109","article-title":"Antibacterial mechanisms of polymyxin and bacterial resistance","volume":"2015","author":"Yu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"R3-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/ja.2014.164","article-title":"In vitro evaluation of ciclopirox as an adjuvant for polymyxin B against gram-negative 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