{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:40:57Z","timestamp":1786650057431,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,1]],"date-time":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733011200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n \n Despite advances in treatment, tuberculosis (TB) remains a significant public health issue. Vitamin D is crucial for the host\u2019s immune response against\n Mycobacterium tuberculosis.<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to investigate the relationship between vitamin D levels and factors determining TB clinical course.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n We examined 91 patients with TB admitted to Yedikule Chest Diseases Hospital from 2021 to 2022. We investigated the association between vitamin D levels and the prevalence of radiological lesions, duration to sputum and culture conversion, resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin, and patients\u2019 age.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Results showed that 84.60% had low vitamin D levels (<20 ng\/mL), particularly in those with radiologically progressive pulmonary TB (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002). As the age increased, vitamin D levels were observed to be lower (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.002). However, no significant associations were found between vitamin D levels and resistance to isoniazid and rifampicin (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.327 and P\n p<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.150, respectively), or between pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.607). No significant relationship was found between sputum and culture conversion time and vitamin D levels (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.509 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.671, respectively). We identified no critical correlation between the duration of sputum and culture conversion and vitamin D levels (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.509 and\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.671, respectively).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n In the study, vitamin D levels were consistently low among our patients with TB, and this was particularly associated with widespread radiological lesions. Our study is a real-world investigation highlighting the vitamin D deficiency in TB and underscores the significance of vitamin D in treatment outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_196_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T01:00:08Z","timestamp":1741050008000},"page":"1391-1398","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of Vitamin D Level in Tuberculosis Radiology and Laboratory Findings"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"ZD","family":"Kanmaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases Clinic, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Research Hospital, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TD","family":"Mandal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases Clinic, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Research Hospital, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"GD","family":"Aras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chest Diseases Clinic, Yedikule Chest Diseases and Research Hospital, \u0130stanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R5-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"432","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jinf.2004.07.006","article-title":"Prevalence and associations of vitamin D deficiency in foreign-born persons with tuberculosis in London","volume":"50","author":"Ustianowski","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Infect"},{"key":"R6-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1177\/014107680109400813","article-title":"The key to the sanatoria","volume":"94","author":"McCarthy","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Royal Soc Med"},{"key":"R7-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.1.1951.1309","article-title":"A lecture on the open-air treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis as practised in German sanatoria: Delivered at the Hospital for Consumption and Diseases of the Chest, Brompton","volume":"1","author":"Williams","year":"1898","journal-title":"Br Med J"},{"key":"R8-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1111\/joim.12777","article-title":"Vitamin D and tuberculosis: Where next?","volume":"284","author":"Brighenti","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Intern Med"},{"key":"R9-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1915176","article-title":"Vitamin D supplements for prevention of tuberculosis infection and disease","volume":"383","author":"Ganmaa","year":"2020","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"R10-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2249.1991.tb08149.x","article-title":"Killing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis within human monocytes: Activation by cytokines and calcitriol","volume":"84","author":"Denis","year":"1991","journal-title":"Clin Exp Immunol"},{"key":"R11-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e80098","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0080098","article-title":"Osteoblast CFTR inactivation reduces differentiation and osteoprotegerin expression in a mouse model of cystic fibrosis-related bone disease","volume":"8","author":"Stalvey","year":"2013","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R12-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1082","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2019.07.004","article-title":"Vitamin D for skeletal and non-skeletal health: What we should know","volume":"10","author":"Charoenngam","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"key":"R13-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30204","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.R115.685990","article-title":"Recognition of vitamin B precursors and byproducts by mucosal associated invariant T cells","volume":"290","author":"Eckle","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"R14-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-3050","article-title":"Increase in vitamin D but not regulatory T cells following ultraviolet B phototherapy of patients with atopic dermatitis","volume":"99","author":"Simonsen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acta Derm Venereol"},{"key":"R15-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"164","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-4887-1","article-title":"Risk factors for poor treatment outcomes of 2266 multidrug-resistant tuberculosis cases in Ho Chi Minh City: A retrospective study","volume":"20","author":"Van","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R16-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e117","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30148-1","article-title":"Cavitary tuberculosis: The gateway of disease transmission","volume":"20","author":"Urbanowski","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R17-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"65","DOI":"10.3934\/microbiol.2020004","article-title":"Vitamin D level and it is association with the severity of pulmonary tuberculosis in patients attended to Kosti Teaching Hospital, Sudan","volume":"6","author":"Elsafi","year":"2020","journal-title":"AIMS Microbiol"},{"key":"R18-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1255","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.275065176","article-title":"Tuberculosis: A radiologic review","volume":"27","author":"Burrill","year":"2007","journal-title":"Radiographics"},{"key":"R19-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0138070","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0138070","article-title":"A novel reading scheme for assessing the extent of radiographic abnormalities and its association with disease severity in sputum smear-positive tuberculosis: An observational study in Hyderabad\/India","volume":"10","author":"Grozdanovic","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R20-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4064","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01780-07","article-title":"Cavitary disease and quantitative sputum bacillary load in cases of pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"45","author":"Palaci","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R21-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3593","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00430-10","article-title":"Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from western Maharashtra, India, exhibit a high degree of diversity and strain-specific associations with drug resistance, cavitary disease, and treatment failure","volume":"48","author":"Chatterjee","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"R22-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/5285841","article-title":"Association of vitamin D deficiency and newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis","volume":"2021","author":"Jaimni","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pulm Med"},{"key":"R23-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-22","article-title":"Vitamin D accelerates clinical recovery from tuberculosis: results of the SUCCINCT Study [Supplementary Cholecalciferol in recovery from tuberculosis]. A randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial of vitamin D supplementation in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis\u2019","volume":"13","author":"Salahuddin","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"key":"R24-20260423","first-page":"780","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in patients with tuberculosis","volume":"23","author":"Iftikhar","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Coll Physicians Surg Pak"},{"key":"R25-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s12941-017-0211-3","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency among smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients and their tuberculosis negative household contacts in Northwest Ethiopia: A case\u2013control study","volume":"16","author":"Tessema","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob"},{"key":"R26-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2861","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11122861","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency and sarcopenia in older persons","volume":"11","author":"Remelli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R27-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"307","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2019.06.022","article-title":"Profiling infectious diseases in Turkey after the influx of 3.5 million Syrian refugees","volume":"26","author":"Erg\u00f6n\u00fcl","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"R28-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0277255","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0277255","article-title":"Optimizing tuberculosis screening for immigrants in southern New Brunswick: A pilot study protocol","volume":"17","author":"Shamputa","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLos One"},{"key":"R29-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2015.01.013","article-title":"Estimation of the optimum dose of vitamin D for disease prevention in older people: Rationale, design and baseline characteristics of the BEST-D trial","volume":"80","author":"Clarke","year":"2015","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"R30-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2003.08.008","article-title":"Mycobacterium bovis infection of vitamin D-deficient NOS2\u2212\/\u2212 mice","volume":"36","author":"Waters","year":"2004","journal-title":"Microb Pathog"},{"key":"R32-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"590","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.22.0263","article-title":"WHO drug-resistant TB guidelines 2022: What is new","volume":"26","author":"Migliori","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R33-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"826","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.21.0639","article-title":"Case-control study of vitamin D status and adult multidrug-resistant pulmonary TB","volume":"26","author":"Shukla","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R34-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1522","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.12.0122","article-title":"Risk and outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms and serum 25 (OH) D","volume":"16","author":"Rathored","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"R36-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0267917","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0267917","article-title":"The relationship between vitamin D level and second acid-fast bacilli (AFB) smear-positive during treatment for TB patients was inferred by Bayesian network","volume":"17","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLos One"},{"key":"R37-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0272682","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0272682","article-title":"Prevention of relapse in drug sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients with and without vitamin D3 supplementation: A double blinded randomized control clinical trial","volume":"18","author":"Sinha","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"R38-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1802003","DOI":"10.1183\/13993003.02003-2018","article-title":"Adjunctive vitamin D in tuberculosis treatment: meta-analysis of individual participant data","volume":"53","author":"Jolliffe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"R39-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.111.076356","article-title":"An inducible cytochrome P450 3A4-dependent vitamin D catabolic pathway","volume":"81","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Mol Pharmacol"},{"key":"R40-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(12)70275-X","article-title":"Vitamin D and solar ultraviolet radiation in the risk and treatment of tuberculosis","volume":"13","author":"Ralph","year":"2013","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"R41-20260423","first-page":"11","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency among patients with tuberculosis: A cross-sectional study in Iranian-Azari population","volume":"18","author":"Nouri-Vaskeh","year":"2019","journal-title":"Tanaffos"},{"key":"R42-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2011.11.019","article-title":"From patient to discoverer\u2014Niels Ryberg Finsen (1860\u20131904)\u2014The founder of phototherapy in dermatology","volume":"30","author":"Grzybowski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R43-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1354","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics10111354","article-title":"Potential role of vitamins A, B, C, D and E in TB treatment and prevention: A narrative review","volume":"10","author":"Patti","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"key":"R44-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e11088","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0011088","article-title":"Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d and the incidence of acute viral respiratory tract infections in healthy adults","volume":"5","author":"Sabetta","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_196_24","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:01:33Z","timestamp":1786647693000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_196_24"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_196_24","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077","2229-7731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-7731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-03-08","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-04-12","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}