{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:36:03Z","timestamp":1786649763632,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to evaluate potential etiological factors, dental anxiety, and pain levels in children with molar incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and to compare them with children who have healthy enamel, with a specific focus on behavior guidance techniques.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sixty children aged 6\u201312 years who were admitted to the Faculty of Dentistry at Ege University were included. The study group consisted of 30 children diagnosed with MIH and caries in the maxillary first permanent molars, whereas the control group included 30 children with similar caries but without MIH. Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal risk factors were assessed using a parent-completed questionnaire developed from the literature. Caries severity was evaluated using the International Caries Detection and Assessment System (ICDAS), focusing on lesions scored as 4, 5, or 6. Dental anxiety was assessed with the Corah Dental Anxiety Scale (CDAS), general anxiety with the short-form State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), and pain perception using the Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale (WBFPRS) and the Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) with Chi-Square, Fisher\u2019s Exact, Mann-Whitney U, and Wilcoxon tests.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Although risk factors were more frequent in the MIH group, the differences were not statistically significant. MIH patients reported significantly higher pain levels. A significant correlation was found between pain and dental anxiety (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05), and anxiety decreased over the course of treatment.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Effective pain management and behavior guidance are essential in managing MIH patients. These approaches reduce dental anxiety and improve cooperation during treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_227_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T06:00:25Z","timestamp":1772604025000},"page":"231-236","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparative Evaluation of Possible Etiological Factors, Pain Sensitivity, and Anxiety Levels of Patients in Clinically Treated Molar-Incisor Hypomineralized Teeth"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"F","family":"G\u00f6k\u0131rmak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ministry of Health, Tekirda\u011f, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6","family":"\u00d6n\u00e7a\u011f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ege University School of Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B Korkut","family":"I\u015f\u0131k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Ege University School of Dentistry, Izmir, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-433X.145129","article-title":"Molar incisor hypomineralisation: A review of its current concepts and management","volume":"5","author":"Krishnan","year":"2014","journal-title":"SRM J Res Dent Sci"},{"key":"R2-20260416","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-595X.1997.tb00783.x","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of enamel defects: Pitfalls and practical guidelines","volume":"47","author":"Seow","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int Dent 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