{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:22:40Z","timestamp":1787761360446,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The association between conventional folic acid supplement (FAS) in pregnancy and the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes, newborn defects has been proven. However, recent researches have reported a weakened association. Based on the different maternal metabolism capability of folic acid, it's beneficial for clinicians to provide pregnant women with different doses of FAS, that's individualized FAS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 2,677 pregnant women in Dazu, Chongqing, China were recruited in this cohort study. 1,539 women volunteered to receive individualized FAS, in which FAS dose increased with the risk level of maternal genotype? specify MTHFR and MTRR (write in full then abbreviate bracket open and close) while 1,138 women received conventional FAS with unified FAS dose. Additionally, 1,964 pregnant women without FAS were retrospectively analyzed as the control. Finally, the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and newborn defects were recorded.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Based on the genotype of MTHFR and MTRR, women were identified as five risk levels of folic acid metabolism. The distributions of genotype and risk levels were not significantly different between FAS-individualized supplement group and FAS-unified supplement group. However, compared with control or FAS-unified supplement group, the incidence of spontaneous abortion, prolonged pregnancy, premature labor, fetal macrosomia and congenital heart disease were significantly decreased in FAS-individualized supplement group. In subgroup analysis, individualized FAS significantly improved pregnancy outcomes for women between 20-40 years old and inhibited the occurrence of newborn defects in both women of the first gestation and women of \u22652 gestations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The application of individualized FAS based on gene polymorphisms was more effective in preventing adverse outcomes in the mother and child.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_381_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,21]],"date-time":"2023-08-21T00:57:26Z","timestamp":1692579446000},"page":"1150-1158","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Individualized Supplement of Folic Acid Based on the Gene Polymorphisms of MTHER\/MTRR Reduced the Incidence of Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Newborn Defects"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/ANC.0000000000000218","article-title":"Maternal microbiome and pregnancy outcomes that impact infant health: A review","volume":"15","author":"Dunlop","year":"2015","journal-title":"Adv Neonatal Care"},{"key":"R2-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"947","DOI":"10.1345\/aph.17298","article-title":"Drug and environmental factors associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Part II: Improvement with folic acid","volume":"32","author":"Lewis","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ann Pharmacother"},{"key":"R3-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"643","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12369","article-title":"Effects of maternal folic acid supplementation on gene methylation and being small for gestational age","volume":"29","author":"Qian","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Hum Nutr Diet"},{"key":"R4-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-012-1879-5","article-title":"Awareness of spina bifida and periconceptional use of folic acid among pregnant women in a developing economy","volume":"28","author":"Rabiu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Childs Nerv Syst"},{"key":"R5-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2004.05.085","article-title":"Trends and predictors of folic acid awareness and periconceptional use in pregnant women","volume":"192","author":"de Jong-Van den Berg","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am J Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"R6-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/bdr2.1004","article-title":"Study exploring the effects of daily supplementation with 400 \u03bcg of folic acid on the nutritional status of folate in women of reproductive age","volume":"109","author":"Arias","year":"2017","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res"},{"key":"R7-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.19193","article-title":"Folic acid supplementation for the prevention of neural tube defects: An updated evidence report and systematic review for the US preventive services task force","volume":"317","author":"Viswanathan","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"R8-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1159\/000491786","article-title":"Folic acid supplementation to prevent recurrent neural tube defects: 4 milligrams is too much","volume":"44","author":"Dolin","year":"2018","journal-title":"Fetal Diagn Ther"},{"key":"R9-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6670","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7085303","article-title":"Homocysteine metabolism gene polymorphisms (MTHFR C677T, MTHFR A1298C, MTR A2756G and MTRR A66G) jointly elevate the risk of folate deficiency","volume":"7","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"R10-7-20240907","first-page":"20","article-title":"Molecular biology of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase","volume":"13","author":"F\u00f6dinger","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"R11-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"BSR20181160","DOI":"10.1042\/BSR20181160","article-title":"The roles of MTRR and MTHFR gene polymorphisms in congenital heart diseases: A meta-analysis","volume":"38","author":"Xu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Biosci Rep"},{"key":"R12-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/cga.12232","article-title":"Genetic polymorphisms and folate status","volume":"57","author":"Hiraoka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Congenit Anom (Kyoto"},{"key":"R13-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S193","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN2000314","article-title":"Micronutrients in pregnancy","volume":"85","author":"Black","year":"2001","journal-title":"Br J Nutr"},{"key":"R14-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"837","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.10088","article-title":"Antibodies to folate receptors impair embryogenesis and fetal development in the rat","volume":"67","author":"da Costa","year":"2003","journal-title":"Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol"},{"key":"R16-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1007\/s00059-014-4144-8","article-title":"Association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and congenital heart disease. A family-based meta-analysis","volume":"40","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Herz"},{"key":"R17-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1086\/303055","article-title":"Polymorphisms in genes involved in folate metabolism as maternal risk factors for Down syndrome","volume":"67","author":"Hobbs","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"R18-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.2188\/jea.JE2007417","article-title":"Serum folate and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T polymorphism adjusted for folate intake","volume":"18","author":"Nishio","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Epidemiol"},{"key":"R19-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2009.01587.x","article-title":"Folic acid and orofacial clefts: A review of the evidence","volume":"16","author":"Wehby","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"R20-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1159\/000367656","article-title":"Individualized supplementation of folic acid according to polymorphisms of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) reduced pregnant complications","volume":"79","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Invest"},{"key":"R21-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"559","DOI":"10.1007\/s12263-012-0290-x","article-title":"A randomized trial of genetic information for personalized nutrition","volume":"7","author":"Nielsen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Genes Nutr"},{"key":"R22-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1243","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph13121243","article-title":"Additive interaction of MTHFR C677T and MTRR A66G polymorphisms with being overweight\/obesity on the risk of type 2 diabetes","volume":"13","author":"Zhi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"R23-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2006.tb00178.x","article-title":"Does a high folate intake increase the risk of breast cancer?","volume":"64","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nutr Rev"},{"key":"R25-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90133-A","article-title":"Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the Medical Research Council Vitamin Study. MRC Vitamin Study Research Group","volume":"338","author":"Group","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R26-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mad.2017.10.001","article-title":"Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis: Is there a role for folate?","volume":"174","author":"Robinson","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mech Ageing Dev"},{"key":"R27-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.113.062752","article-title":"Biomarker responses to folic acid intervention in healthy adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"99","author":"Duffy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"R28-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biochi.2016.04.010","article-title":"Excessive folic acid intake and relation to adverse health outcome","volume":"126","author":"Selhub","year":"2016","journal-title":"Biochimie"},{"key":"R29-7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2016.194","article-title":"The adverse effects of an excessive folic acid intake","volume":"71","author":"Patel","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eur J Clin Nutr"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_381_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:32:33Z","timestamp":1787758353000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_381_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_381_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8]]}}}