{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T16:19:30Z","timestamp":1787847570110,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"\n Background:<\/jats:title>\n The present study was conducted in the pediatric urology outpatient clinic of a tertiary referral hospital and included children with persistent symptoms of overactive bladder (OAB) despite prior conservative management.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Aim:<\/jats:title>\n To compare the efficacy and safety of oral and transdermal oxybutynin in the treatment of non-neurogenic OAB in children.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods:<\/jats:title>\n The present prospective, randomized controlled clinical study was conducted at a tertiary pediatric urology outpatient clinic between January 1 and July 1, 2019. A total of 90 children were initially enrolled. After exclusion of seven patients due to incomplete follow-up data, 83 patients were included in the final analysis. Patients were randomized in a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive either oral oxybutynin (n = 42) or transdermal oxybutynin (n = 41). Symptom severity and treatment response were assessed using the Dysfunctional Voiding and Incontinence Symptom Score (DVISS), bladder diary, and uroflowmetric parameters. Pre- and post-treatment values were compared within and between groups. Adverse effects were documented based on patient-reported symptoms and clinical observation. Continuous variables in two dependent groups were compared using the Wilcoxon test. Continuous variables in two independent groups were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. Fisher\u2019s exact test was used to compare proportions between groups.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n \n Both groups demonstrated statistically significant improvements in DVISS, voided volume, and urinary frequency after treatment (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n < 0.05). No significant difference in treatment efficacy was found between oral and transdermal administration. Adverse reactions were observed in 40.5% (n = 17) of group 1 and 43.9% (n = 18) of group 2 (\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.826). However, non-skin-related systemic adverse events were significantly more frequent in the oral oxybutynin group compared with the transdermal group (38% vs. 9.8%,\n P<\/jats:italic>\n = 0.004). None of the adverse effects observed in either group were severe enough to require discontinuation of treatment.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n Transdermal oxybutynin is as effective as oral oxybutynin in managing pediatric non-neurogenic OAB, with a more favorable systemic side effect profile. It represents a viable alternative for patients who experience difficulty with oral medication or intolerance to systemic anticholinergic side effects.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_507_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T01:00:19Z","timestamp":1780016419000},"page":"538-542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Prospective and Randomized Study of Efficacy and Safety of Transdermal Oxybutynin Versus Oral Oxybutynin in the Management of Children with Overactive Bladder"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"AH","family":"Sevin\u00e7","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"BH","family":"Sevin\u00e7","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Din\u00e7er","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology, Kartal Dr. L\u00fctfi K\u0131rdar City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Telli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Urology, Memorial \u015ei\u015fli Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260529","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.22751","article-title":"The standardization of terminology of lower urinary tract function in children and adolescents: Update report from the standardization committee of the International Children\u2019s Continence Society","volume":"35","author":"Austin","year":"2016","journal-title":"Neurourol Urodyn"},{"key":"R2-20260529","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2007.05.014","article-title":"Overactive bladder in children. 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