{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:39:40Z","timestamp":1786649980212,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this study was to compare the anthropometric and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) measurements taken from risk-free and risky groups by using the modified Mallampati score (MMS).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Patients and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 176 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 65 in four different MMS classes were included in the study. The patients in classes MMS I and MMS II were accepted as risk-free and the patients in classes MMS III and MMS IV were accepted as risky for intubation. The Mann\u2013Whitney U test was performed on the data to compare the anthropometric and radiological measurements taken from the risk-free and risky groups. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was applied to the parameters that had a statistically significant difference.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      According to the analysis results, statistically significant differences were found in the neck circumference (NC), maximum interincisal distance (MID), thyromental distance (TMD) and sternomental distance (SMD) of the anthropometric measurements of men and women between the risk-free and risky groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05). In terms of CBCT measurements, the thickness of the tongue (TT), distance between the uvula and posterior wall of pharynx (U-Ph), distance between posterior nasal spine and nasopharynx (Snp-Nph) and length of the epiglottis (LE) were found to have statistically significant differences between the risk-free and risky groups of men and women (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">P<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The NC, MID, TMD and SMD anthropometric measurements and TT, U-Ph, Snp-Nph and LE radiologic measurements were found to support MMS, which is one of the most widely used bedside intubation prediction tests. In addition to the inclusion of CBCT for intubation prediction, U-Ph and Snp-Nph radiologic measurements were added as difficult intubation markers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_694_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]],"date-time":"2021-11-15T05:31:44Z","timestamp":1636954304000},"page":"1609-1615","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of anthropometric and conic beam computed tomography measurements of patients with and without difficult intubation risk according to modified mallampati score: New markers for difficult intubation"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"D","family":"\u00c7enol","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, D\u00fczce University, D\u00fczce, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"\u00d6;zbag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Dedeo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, In\u00f6n\u00fc University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F","family":"\u00c7evirgen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015e","family":"Toy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Karab\u00fck University, Karab\u00fck, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"\u00d6;get\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, F\u0131rat University, Elaz\u0131\u011f, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"K\u00f6se","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, \u0130n\u00f6n\u00fc University, Malatya, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20251006","first-page":"157","article-title":"Comparison of Cormeck-Lehane and mallampati tests with mandibular and neck measurements for predicting difficult \u0131ntubation","volume":"28","author":"Acer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Balkan Med J"},{"key":"R2-20251006","first-page":"51","article-title":"Difficult airway management; difficult ventilation, difficult \u0131ntubation, expected and unexpected approach to difficult airway management","volume":"9","author":"Ok","year":"2016","journal-title":"T\u00fcrkiye Klinikleri J Anest Reanim-Special Topics"},{"key":"R6-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.5152\/TJAR.2014.24993","article-title":"Sensitivity of the combination of mallampati scores with anthropometric measurements and the presence of malignancy to predict difficult \u0131ntubation","volume":"43","author":"Kandemir","year":"2015","journal-title":"Turk J Anaesth Reanim"},{"key":"R7-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.011","article-title":"Three-dimensional changes in pharyngeal airway in skeletal class III patients undergoing orthognathic surgery","volume":"69","author":"Hong","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R8-20251006","first-page":"453","article-title":"2017. Predicting difficult laryngoscopy and \u0131ntubation with laryngoscopic exam test: A new method","volume":"55","author":"Akhlaghi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Med Iran"},{"key":"R9-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinane.2017.12.023","article-title":"Diagnostic accuracy of radiology (CT, X-ray, US) for predicting difficult intubation in adults: A meta-analysis","volume":"45","author":"Ji","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Anesth"},{"key":"R10-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"468","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajodo.2007.04.043","article-title":"Comparison of airway space with conventional lateral headfilms and 3-dimensional reconstruction from cone-beam computed tomography","volume":"135","author":"Aboudara","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop"},{"key":"R11-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e395","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2011.02.138","article-title":"Effect of mono- and bimaxillary advancement on pharyngeal airway volume: Cone-beam computed tomography evaluation","volume":"69","author":"Hernandez-Alfaro","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R12-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.3109\/00016489.2010.506653","article-title":"Analysis of the fossa olfactoria using cone beam tomography (CBT)","volume":"131","author":"Guldner","year":"2011","journal-title":"Acta Otolaryngol"},{"key":"R13-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5049.76603","article-title":"A comparison of the upper lip bite test with hyomental\/thyrosternal distances and mandible length in predicting difficulty in intubation: A prospective study","volume":"55","author":"Khan","year":"2011","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R14-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1177\/0300060515594193","article-title":"Relevance of radiological and clinical measurements in predicting difficult intubation using light wand (Surch-liteTM) in adult patients","volume":"44","author":"Kim","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Int Med Res"},{"key":"R15-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"429","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03011357","article-title":"A clinical sign to predict difficult tracheal intubation: A prospective study","volume":"32","author":"Mallampati","year":"1985","journal-title":"Can Anaesth Soc J"},{"key":"R16-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"487","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.1987.tb04039.x","article-title":"Difficult tracheal intubation: A retrospective study","volume":"42","author":"Samsoon","year":"1987","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R18-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/73.2.149","article-title":"Prediction of difficult tracheal intubation","volume":"73","author":"Savva","year":"1994","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"key":"R19-20251006","first-page":"42","article-title":"Sexual dimorphismin human mandible: A morphometric study","volume":"14","author":"Kawale","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences"},{"key":"R20-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.forsciint.2013.12.015","article-title":"Sex determination from the mandibular ramus flexure of Koreans by discrimination function analysis using three-dimensional mandible models","volume":"236","author":"Lin","year":"2014","journal-title":"Forensic Sci Int"},{"key":"R21-20251006","first-page":"1","article-title":"Mcnamara cephalometric norms of Turkish young adults with normal occlusion and well-balanced faces","volume":"22","author":"Ya\u011fc\u0131","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Health Sci"},{"key":"R22-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1590\/S1807-59322007000100002","article-title":"Pharyngeal dimensions in healthy men and women","volume":"62","author":"Daniel","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clinics"},{"key":"R23-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1093\/ejo\/22.4.353","article-title":"A cephalometric comparison of subjects with snoring and obstructive sleep apnoea","volume":"22","author":"Battagel","year":"2000","journal-title":"Eur J Orthod"},{"key":"R24-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.2319\/011011-13.1","article-title":"Changes of pharyngeal airway size and hyoid bone position following orthodontic treatment of Class I bimaxillary protrusion","volume":"82","author":"Wang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Angle Orthod"},{"key":"R25-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3959456","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/3959456","article-title":"Cephalometrics of pharyngeal airway space in Lebanese adults","volume":"2017","author":"Daraze","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Dent"},{"key":"R26-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1097\/00000542-200305000-00032","article-title":"Practice guidelines for management of the difficult airway","volume":"98","author":"Caplan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Anesthesiology"},{"key":"R27-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.1007\/s00540-018-2592-7","article-title":"The influence of morbid obesity on difficult intubation and difficult mask ventilation","volume":"33","author":"Moon","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Anesth"},{"key":"R28-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1652","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2008.01.062","article-title":"Prevalence and prediction of difficult intubation in maxillofacial surgery patients","volume":"66","author":"Tuzuner-Oncul","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R30-20251006","first-page":"1595","article-title":"Predictive value of bedside tests for difficult intubations","volume":"19","author":"Aktas","year":"2015","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"R31-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"629","DOI":"10.4103\/ija.IJA_270_19","article-title":"Ultrasound measurement of anterior neck soft tissue and tongue thickness to predict difficult laryngoscopy-An observational analytical study","volume":"63","author":"Yadav","year":"2019","journal-title":"Indian J Anaesth"},{"key":"R32-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1007\/s00056-012-0132-x","article-title":"Short-term pharyngeal airway changes after mandibular advancement surgery in adult Class II-Patients-A three-dimensional retrospective study","volume":"74","author":"Kochel","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Orofac Orthop"},{"key":"R33-20251006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1144","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2044.1998.00612.x","article-title":"The relevance of clinical and radiological measurements in predicting difficulties in fibreoptic orotracheal intubation in adults","volume":"53","author":"Randell","year":"1998","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_694_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T19:00:42Z","timestamp":1786647642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_694_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_694_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077","2229-7731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-7731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-12-23","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-27","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}