{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T23:39:51Z","timestamp":1788392391935,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"11","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skeletal tuberculosis is rarely seen among extrapulmonary tuberculosis, especially in childhood because the diagnosis may be delayed for years due to diagnostic difficulties. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, methods used in diagnosis, treatment specifics, and prognosis of patients diagnosed with bone joint tuberculosis in childhood.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty patients diagnosed with skeletal tuberculosis in our hospital between Jan 1, 2006, and Jan 1, 2021, were evaluated retrospectively.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The age of the patients ranged from seven to 191 months. 70% of the patients presented with complaints of pain, 50% with swelling, and 20% with limping. The duration of the complaints was 3.82 \u00b1 4 months on average. While 65% of the patients had isolated skeletal TB, 30% were accompanied with pulmonary tuberculosis. Tuberculin skin test (TST) was positive in 13 (65%) patients. Seven (35%) of the patients were diagnosed with proven TB. The most frequent involvement was seen in knee bones (25%), followed by vertebra (15%), foot (15%), and wrist (15%) bones. In the radiological findings, 65% of the patients had mass, 45% destruction, 35% enhancement\/edema, 5% calcification\/sclerosis, 5% cyst, and 35% soft tissue abscess. In the follow-up, 50% of the patients recovered without sequelae.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Skeletal tuberculosis can easily be missed in childhood due to its slow insidious course, non-specific symptoms, and bone findings, resulting in delayed diagnosis and may lead to sequelae which affect lifelong quality of life. We should keep the possibility of skeletal tuberculosis in mind when we see the patients with limping or localized lesions accompanied with pain or swelling.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_699_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]],"date-time":"2023-12-04T02:01:13Z","timestamp":1701655273000},"page":"1602-1609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Skeletal Tuberculosis in Pediatric Population for 15 Years; Twenty Cases from Southern Turkey"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"\u00dc","family":"\u00c7ay","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Alabaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6\u00d6","family":"G\u00fcnde\u015flioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric, Pediatric Infectious Diseases, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Mirioglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"UA","family":"Pehlivan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, \u00c7ukurova University, Adana, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"R3-20240907","first-page":"27","article-title":"Tuberculous osteomyelitis of the scapula masquerading as metastasis","volume":"3","author":"Singh","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Radiol Case Rep"},{"key":"R6-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prrv.2007.04.008","article-title":"Clinical manifestations of tuberculosis in children","volume":"8","author":"Cruz","year":"2007","journal-title":"Paediatr Respir Rev"},{"key":"R7-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1007\/s00247-004-1223-7","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis in children","volume":"34","author":"Teo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pediatr Radiol"},{"key":"R8-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1016\/S1297-319X(03)00037-X","article-title":"Peripheral osteoarticular tuberculosis in children:106 case-reports","volume":"70","author":"Teklali","year":"2003","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"R9-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijtb.2019.08.014","article-title":"Profile of osteoarticular tuberculosis in children","volume":"67","author":"Shah","year":"2020","journal-title":"Indian J Tuberc"},{"key":"R10-20240907","first-page":"1","article-title":"Spectrum of skeletal tuberculosis in children","volume":"1","author":"Carlos","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Exerc Sports Orthop"},{"key":"R11-20240907","first-page":"345","article-title":"Problemas diagn\u00f3sticos na tuberculose \u00f3ssea:experi\u00eancia da \u00e1rea de Ortopedia do HCFMRP-USP","author":"Defino","year":"1994","journal-title":"Medicina (Ribeir\u00e4o Preto)"},{"key":"R12-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.79B4.0790562","article-title":"Tuberculous osteomyelitis","volume":"79","author":"Vohra","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Br"},{"key":"R13-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2011-301571","article-title":"Spinal tuberculosis in children","volume":"97","author":"Eisen","year":"2012","journal-title":"Arch Dis Child"},{"key":"R14-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"319","DOI":"10.1007\/s11832-009-0184-7","article-title":"Skeletal tuberculosis in children in the Western World:18 new cases with a review of the literature","volume":"3","author":"Hosalkar","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Child Orthop"},{"key":"R15-20240907","first-page":"420","article-title":"[Vertebral tuberculosis in Gabon. Anatomo-clinical aspects, diagnostic and therapeutic problems, 107 cases from 1976 to 1986]","volume":"34","author":"Loembe","year":"1988","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"R16-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(95)92348-9","article-title":"Variation in protection by BCG:Implications of and for heterologous immunity","volume":"346","author":"Fine","year":"1995","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R17-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1168","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(03)12950-9","article-title":"Comparison of T-cell-based assay with tuberculin skin test for diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in a school tuberculosis outbreak","volume":"361","author":"Ewer","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"R18-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1843.2006.01000.x","article-title":"Use of QuantiFERON-TB Gold to investigate tuberculosis contacts in a high school","volume":"12","author":"Higuchi","year":"2007","journal-title":"Respirology"},{"key":"R19-20240907","first-page":"41","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of tuberculosis in children in the north of Taiwan","volume":"38","author":"Lin","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Microbiol Immunol Infect"},{"key":"R20-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.4103\/0019-5413.181778","article-title":"Tuberculosis of the skeletal system","volume":"50","author":"Jain","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Orthop"},{"key":"R21-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1111\/imr.12252","article-title":"Heterogeneity in tuberculosis pathology, microenvironments and therapeutic responses","volume":"264","author":"Lenaerts","year":"2015","journal-title":"Immunol Rev"},{"key":"R23-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e147","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376","article-title":"Official American Thoracic Society\/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines:Treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis","volume":"63","author":"Nahid","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"R24-20240907","first-page":"453","article-title":"Physeal change after tuberculous osteomyelitis of the long bone in children","volume":"33","author":"Kao","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chang Gung Med J"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_699_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:52:38Z","timestamp":1787763158000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_699_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_699_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077","2229-7731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-7731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-15","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-07-21","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}