{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T13:56:57Z","timestamp":1790776617903,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Klebsiella pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRKp) strains are a major public health threat.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study aimed to compare multiplex lateral flow immunochromatographic testing (LFT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detecting carbapenemase genes in carbapenem-resistant\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">K. pneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CRKp). A secondary objective was to assess the gene-specific susceptibility profile of these isolates to critical antimicrobial agents: ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA), last-resort options (colistin, amikacin).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      CRKp isolates from patient samples (blood, urine, and respiratory tract) were identified based on colony morphology, Gram stain, and the BD Phoenix M50system. Isolates resistant to \u22651 carbapenem per EUCAST criteria were included. Resistant isolates underwent PCR for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      KPC,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      NDM,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      VIM,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      IMP, and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">bla<\/jats:italic>\n                      OXA\u201048 genes, and carbapenemase production was phenotypically confirmed using a commercial immunochromatographic test (ICT) kit (detecting OXA\u201048\u2010like, NDM, VIM, IMP, KPC simultaneously). Susceptibility to ceftazidime\u2010avibactam (CAZ\u2010AVI), colistin, and amikacin was assessed according to EUCAST standards. The study was conducted in Western Anatolia, in Bal\u0131kesir, Tu\u0308rkiye.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The distribution patterns of the isolates showed that blaOXA\u201048 predominated (n = 27, 38.0% of positive isolates), followed by blaKPC (n = 15, 21.1%) and blaNDM (n = 7, 9.9%). Notably, 22 isolates (31.0%) harbored multiple carbapenemase genes: OXA\u201048 + NDM (n = 14, 19.7%), KPC + NDM (n = 4, 5.6%), and OXA\u201048 + KPC (n = 4, 5.6%). Neither blaVIM nor blaIMP was detected. The lateral flow test (LFT) demonstrated good agreement with PCR for the detection of blaKPC and blaOXA\u201048 genes (Cohen\u2019s \u03ba = 0.72 and 0.65, respectively); however, its accuracy decreased in isolates harboring multiple carbapenemase genes. While susceptibility to ceftazidime\u2013 avibactam averaged 28.6% overall among CP\u2010Kp isolates, it varied according to carbapenemase type, with KPC producers exhibiting the highest rate (46.7%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>These findings highlight the importance of rapid and easily applicable diagnostic tests, as well as the urgent need for new antimicrobial agents and novel therapeutic approaches (e.g, Phage therapy, immunotherapies).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_787_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T06:00:46Z","timestamp":1790748046000},"page":"1003-1009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Comparison of Lateral Flow Test and PCR for Carbapenemase Detection in Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and the Ceftazidime-Avibactam Resistance Profile"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"O","family":"Yap\u0131c\u0131","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Dalmano\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AG","family":"\u015eener","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"TK","family":"Atik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AF","family":"An\u0131l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K","family":"Demirel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, T\u00fcrkiye"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ays\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Bal\u0131kesir University Faculty of Medicine, Bal\u0131kesir, 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