{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:32:19Z","timestamp":1787761939615,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":9,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>\n                    A\n                    <jats:sc>BSTRACT<\/jats:sc>\n                  <\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is defined as free air or gas in the mediastinum that is not associated with an obvious cause such as chest trauma. The SPM results from acutely elevated intra-alveolar pressure: The high-pressure gradient between the distal alveoli and the pulmonary interstitium leads to alveolar rupture. This causes free gas to separate through the peribronchovascular fascial sheaths (interstitial emphysema) into the hilum and then into the mediastinum. Once the gas is in the mediastinum, it can travel up to the cervical soft tissues (even the retroperitoneum) producing subcutaneous emphysema. The Macklin effect appears on thoracic computed tomography (CT) as linear air collections adjacent to bronchovascular sheaths. This case report presents CT findings of SPM due to the Macklin effect in three cases and a brief literature review on this subject.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/njcp.njcp_901_22","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,12]],"date-time":"2023-05-12T07:51:01Z","timestamp":1683877861000},"page":"528-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Spontaneous Pneumomediastinum and Macklin Effect: Three Rare Case Reports with Computed Tomography Findings"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"M","family":"Serindere","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Hatay Education and Research Hospital, Hatay, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Ersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Burdur Bucak State Hospital, Burdur, Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"U","family":"Balyemez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Near East University, Nicosia, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1097\/00005792-194412000-00001","article-title":"Malignant interstitial emphysema of the lungs and mediastinum as an important occult complication in many respiratory diseases and other conditions:Interpretation of the clinical literature in the light of laboratory experiment","volume":"23","author":"Macklin","year":"1944","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"R2-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"850","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v6.i11.850","article-title":"Spontaneous pneumomediastinum and Macklin effect:Overview and appearance on computed 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Tomogr"},{"key":"R9-20240907","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.09-0514","article-title":"Air within the spinal canal in spontaneous pneumomediastinum","volume":"137","author":"Belotti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Chest"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Journal of Clinical Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_901_22","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T16:07:59Z","timestamp":1787760479000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_901_22"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"references-count":9,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njcp.njcp_901_22","relation":{},"ISSN":["1119-3077","2229-7731"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1119-3077","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-7731","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-22","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication 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