{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:26:52Z","timestamp":1787758012420,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sloth bear, a native species of Indian subcontinent, has a population estimate of 1200\u20131500 in Jharkhand. Human habitats in proximity to forest reserve cause frequent human\u2013bear interactions and thus bear attack injuries. Face is the most common site affected. This is a prospective study performed to evaluate the incidence and pattern of maxillofacial trauma after bear attack and the outcome of the treatment provided to them.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients with bear attack injuries reporting to the outpatient department were recruited for the study. The incidence was recorded in terms of time, month, and site. Details of maxillofacial wounds and fractures were noted. The variables used to analyze the outcome of the treatment were ugly scar, facial asymmetry (eyelid, nose, cheek, and lips), facial nerve paralysis, loss of vision, and alopecia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Majority of the cases were reported in April and March. Victims were from Ranchi 4 (26.6%), Gumla 3 (20%), Lohardaga 2 (13.3%), Latehar 2 (13.3%), Simdega 1 (6.6%), Ramgarh 1 (6.6%), Khunti 1 (6.6%), and West Singhbhum 1 (6.6%) districts of Jharkhand. Zygoma (10) was the most affected fractured bone, followed by frontal (9) and mandible (6). Minor ugly scar was found in 14 (93.3%) of the patients, postoperative facial deformity in 12 (80%), unilateral facial paralysis in 2 (13.3%), and alopecia patch in the scalp in 1 (13.3%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Spring and early summer are the breeding seasons of sloth bears in Jharkhand. Mahua petal which attracts the wild bear falls from trees during these months causing such human attacks. Loss of vision describes the mutilating nature of bear attack.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_173_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T05:04:04Z","timestamp":1655183044000},"page":"289-293","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Prevalence and pattern of maxillofacial injuries and treatment outcome after bear attacks in Jharkhand population"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"family":"Vishal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Rohit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ajoy Kumar","family":"Shahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. K.","family":"Prajapati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Om","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanya","family":"Khaitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-21-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scijus.2007.05.001","article-title":"Hair characteristics of four Indian bear species","volume":"48","author":"Sahajpal","year":"2008","journal-title":"Sci Justice"},{"key":"R4-21-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.3126\/jssn.v18i1.17209","article-title":"Pattern of bear maul injuries in tertiary hospital in Nepal: Demographic, management and outcome","volume":"18","author":"Rayamajhi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Soc Surg Nepal"},{"key":"R5-21-20240908","first-page":"e43","article-title":"A review of scar scales and scar measuring devices","volume":"10","author":"Fearmonti","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eplasty"},{"key":"R6-21-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"96","DOI":"10.4103\/0975-5950.79208","article-title":"Pattern of bear maul maxillofacial injuries in Kashmir","volume":"1","author":"Shah","year":"2010","journal-title":"Natl J Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R7-21-20240908","first-page":"175","article-title":"Clinical management of heat stroke in a sloth bear (Melursus ursinus)","volume":"16","author":"Kachhawaha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Intas Polivet"},{"key":"R9-21-20240908","first-page":"467","article-title":"Challenges of large carnivore conservation: Sloth bear attacks in Sri Lanka","volume":"42","author":"Ratnayeke","year":"2014","journal-title":"Hum Ecol"},{"key":"R10-21-20240908","first-page":"338","article-title":"Sloth bear attacks on humans in central India: Implications for species conservation","volume":"12","author":"Singh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Human Wildlife Interact"},{"key":"R11-21-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"263","DOI":"10.2192\/1537-6176(2005)016[0263:COSBAA]2.0.CO;2","article-title":"Characteristics of sloth bear attacks and human casualties in North Bilaspur Forest Division, Chhattisgarh, India","volume":"16","author":"Bargali","year":"2005","journal-title":"Ursus"},{"key":"R13-21-20240908","first-page":"01","article-title":"A study on bear mauling in tertiary care unit of central India","volume":"17","author":"Tirpude","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Dent Med Sci"},{"key":"R15-21-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.4103\/0970-0358.155267","article-title":"A review of 48 patients after bear attacks in Central India: Demographics, management and outcomes","volume":"48","author":"Patil","year":"2015","journal-title":"Indian J Plast Surg"}],"container-title":["National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_173_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:00:34Z","timestamp":1787756434000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_173_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njms.njms_173_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0975-5950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0975-5950","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}