{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T02:06:22Z","timestamp":1794276382991,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Recurrent Apthous Ulcers (RAU) has affected mankind through time immemorial. It is the most commonly prevalent oral mucosal lesion manifesting as painful ulcers involving non \u2013 keratinised oral mucosa. This review was done to assess herbal intervention in RAU patients for outcomes of ulcer size and pain intensity. Literature search of published articles in Medline, Scopus, Ovid and Journal of Web upto August 2020 were reviewed for the pre-described outcomes. Revman 5.4 software was used for study analysis. Total 9 articles were finally chosen for qualitative analysis. Meta analytic comparison demonstrated the ulcer reduction (CI = -2.22 to \u2013 0.09; p &lt;0.001) and pain intensity (CI = -4.60 to \u2013 0.08; p &lt;0.001) was reduced in the herbal group as compared to the controls. A definite evidence of herbal intervention was noted in alleviating RAU signs and symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_249_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,14]],"date-time":"2021-12-14T02:35:41Z","timestamp":1639449341000},"page":"303-310","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Evidence-based effectiveness of herbal treatment modality for recurrent aphthous ulcers \u2013 A systematic review and meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"ADIT","family":"SRIVASTAVA","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SHIVAKUMAR","family":"GC","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Bhanpur, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SWARNASMITA","family":"PATHAK","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Regional Dental College, Guwahati, Assam, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"EKTA","family":"INGLE","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Riyadh Elm University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"ANJALI","family":"KUMARI","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Buddha Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"SAHANA","family":"SHIVAKUMAR","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Bhanpur, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"NAVIN KUMAR","family":"PG","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Sciences, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AKHILESH KUMAR","family":"SINGH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, IMS, BHU, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(97)90009-3","article-title":"5% amlexanox oral paste, a new treatment for recurrent minor aphthous ulcers: I.Clinical demonstration of acceleration of healing and resolution of pain","volume":"83","author":"Khandwala","year":"1997","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R2-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0714.2012.01134.x","article-title":"Recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A review","volume":"41","author":"Chavan","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R3-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2011.01840.x","article-title":"Urban legends: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"17","author":"Baccaglini","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"R4-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"198","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjoms.2007.07.201","article-title":"Oral mucosal disease: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"46","author":"Scully","year":"2008","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R5-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1016\/S1079-2104(96)80403-3","article-title":"Recurrent aphthous stomatitis. An update","volume":"81","author":"Ship","year":"1996","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R6-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.3122\/jabfm.2009.01.080113","article-title":"Effectiveness of vitamin B12 in treating recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","volume":"22","author":"Volkov","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Am Board Fam Med"},{"key":"R7-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.47102\/annals-acadmedsg.V41N10p463","article-title":"Oral aphthosis: Management gaps and recent advances","volume":"41","author":"Liang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Acad Med Singap"},{"key":"R8-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-029X.86669","article-title":"Recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"15","author":"Preeti","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Pathol"},{"key":"R9-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"569","DOI":"10.1016\/S0738-081X(00)00147-4","article-title":"Recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"18","author":"Porter","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin Dermatol"},{"key":"R10-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"728","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e31806215f9","article-title":"Guidelines for diagnosis and management of aphthous stomatitis","volume":"26","author":"Femiano","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pediatr Infect Dis J"},{"key":"R11-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01142.x","article-title":"Number V Oral lichen planus: Clinical features and management","volume":"11","author":"Eisen","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"key":"R12-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1000097","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000097","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement","volume":"6","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"R13-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5928","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d5928","article-title":"The Cochrane Collaboration\u2019s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","volume":"343","author":"Higgins","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"R14-20250925","first-page":"449","article-title":"To evaluate efficiency of curcumin and honey in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A randomized clinical controlled trial","volume":"6","author":"Pandharipande","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Res Rev"},{"key":"R15-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"567","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601812010567","article-title":"Effect of herbal Echinacea on recurrent minor oral aphthous ulcer","volume":"12","author":"Khozeimeh","year":"2018","journal-title":"Open Dent J"},{"key":"R16-20250925","first-page":"1","article-title":"Short-term efficacy of pudilan keyanning toothpaste in treatment of minor recurrent aphthous ulcers","volume":"9","author":"Yang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R17-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/jop.12130","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of new aloe vera- and myrrh-based oral mucoadhesive gels in the management of minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study","volume":"43","author":"Mansour","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Oral Pathol Med"},{"key":"R18-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.166218","article-title":"Therapeutic effects of Zataria Multiflora essential oil on recurrent oral aphthous lesion","volume":"12","author":"Babaee","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dent Res J (Isfahan)"},{"key":"R19-20250925","first-page":"691","article-title":"Efficacy of honey in comparison to topical corticosteroid for treatment of recurrent minor aphthous ulceration: A randomized, blind, controlled, parallel, double-center clinical trial","volume":"45","author":"El-Haddad","year":"2014","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"R20-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1016\/j.oooo.2012.09.009","article-title":"Effects of berberine gelatin on recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial in a Chinese cohort","volume":"115","author":"Jiang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol"},{"key":"R21-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284620","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/284620","article-title":"Repurposing of Yunnan baiyao as an alternative therapy for minor recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"2012","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Evid Based Complement Alternat Med"},{"key":"R22-20250925","first-page":"348","article-title":"Effects of camel thorn distillate on recurrent oral aphthous lesions","volume":"8","author":"Pourahmad","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Dtsch Dermatol Ges"},{"key":"R23-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"27","DOI":"10.4103\/phrev.phrev_37_17","article-title":"Medicinal plant and their bioactive phytochemicals in the treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcers: A review of clinical trials","volume":"12","author":"Heydarpour","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phcog Rev"},{"key":"R24-20250925","first-page":"103","article-title":"Systematic review with meta-analyses of natural products in the treatment of recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"5","author":"Phillips","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Oral Dent Health"},{"key":"R25-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-009-9164-9","article-title":"The anti-inflammatory effects of a methanolic extract from radix isatidis in murine macrophages and mice","volume":"33","author":"Shin","year":"2010","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"R26-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1078","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.12333","article-title":"Penta-O-galloyl-b-D glucose ameliorates inflammation by inhibiting MyD88\/NF-kB and MyD88\/MAPK signalling pathways","volume":"170","author":"Jang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Pharmacol"},{"key":"R27-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"478","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2010.03.009","article-title":"Dietary bioflavonoids inhibit Escherichia coli ATP synthase in a differential manner","volume":"46","author":"Chinnam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Biol Macromol"},{"key":"R28-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fitote.2003.12.013","article-title":"Antibacterial screening of plants used in Iranian folkloric medicine","volume":"75","author":"Bonjar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Fitoterapia"},{"key":"R29-20250925","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1249","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2006.04.025","article-title":"Biochemical activities of Iranian Mentha piperita L. and Myrtus communis L. essential oils","volume":"67","author":"Yadegarinia","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"R30-20250925","first-page":"392","article-title":"Novel material in treatment of minor oral recurrent aphthous stomatitis","volume":"20","author":"Halim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int Med J"}],"container-title":["National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_249_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:39:53Z","timestamp":1787067593000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_249_20"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njms.njms_249_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0975-5950","2229-3418"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0975-5950","type":"print"},{"value":"2229-3418","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-21","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-01-28","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}