{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:26:48Z","timestamp":1787758008553,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title\/>\n                    <jats:p>Trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR) is a cascade of physiological response secondary to the stimulation of any of the sensory divisions of the trigeminal nerve, which is the largest cranial nerve and provides sensory supply to the face, scalp, mucosa of the nose, and mouth. This response usually presents as a triad including bradycardia, apnea, and gastric motility changes. On the another side, transient loss of consciousness or vasovagal syncope, a well-known phenomenon in dentomaxillofacial surgery with its pathophysiology fully elucidated, is thought to be mediated by TCR and sometimes termed as dentocardiac reflex. Thus, it is imperative to know about TCR and its association with routine dental and maxillofacial surgery procedures. It can potentially happen during any minor or major oral surgical procedures ranging from simple third molar extractions, soft tissue surgeries, root canal treatments, or management of maxillofacial fractures. This paper presents two case reports demonstrating TCR which presented during maxillary third molar extraction and author(s) own experience in managing the same.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_260_20","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T05:04:04Z","timestamp":1655183044000},"page":"311-314","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Trigeminocardiac reflex during maxillary third molar extraction"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Anmol","family":"Agarwal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaurav","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ritesh","family":"Garg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abhishek","family":"Rathi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1999.90.2.0215","article-title":"Trigeminocardiac reflex during surgery in the cerebellopontine angle","volume":"90","author":"Schaller","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Neurosurg"},{"key":"R2-26-20240908","first-page":"658","article-title":"Trigeminocardiac reflex. 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Its first description","volume":"150","author":"Schaller","year":"2008","journal-title":"Acta Neurochir (Wien"},{"key":"R7-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.13.62","article-title":"Trigeminal cardiac reflex: Differential behavior and risk factors around the course of the trigeminal nerve","volume":"9","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Future Neurol"},{"key":"R8-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/974930","article-title":"Coronary spasm in neurosurgical patients and role of trigeminocardiac reflex","volume":"2014","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurol Res Int"},{"key":"R10-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.2217\/fnl.14.66","article-title":"Trigeminocardiac reflex during cerebellopontine angle surgery: Anatomical location as a new risk factor","volume":"10","author":"Sandu","year":"2015","journal-title":"Future Neurol"},{"key":"R11-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0000000000000065","article-title":"Trigeminocardiac reflex: An update of the current clinical and physiological knowledge","volume":"27","author":"Chowdhury","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R12-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e484","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000000484","article-title":"Trigemino cardiac reflex: New thinking model about the definition based on a literature review","volume":"94","author":"Meuwly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore"},{"key":"R13-26-20240908","first-page":"147","article-title":"Uber Reflexe von der Nasenschleimhaut auf Athmungund Kreislauf.(About reflexes of the nasal mucosa on breathing and circulation)","volume":"62","author":"Kratschmer","year":"1870","journal-title":"Sher Akad Wis Wien"},{"key":"R14-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"595","DOI":"10.1016\/0007-1226(89)90053-2","article-title":"Reflex bradycardia in facial surgery","volume":"42","author":"Stott","year":"1989","journal-title":"British J Plas Surg"},{"key":"R15-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mehy.2009.09.027","article-title":"A new hypothesis of cause of syncope: Trigeminocardiac reflex during extraction of teeth","volume":"74","author":"Arakeri","year":"2010","journal-title":"Med Hypotheses"},{"key":"R16-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/ANA.0b013e31804e45e8","article-title":"Sudden cardiac standstill during skin flap elevation in a patient undergoing craniotomy","volume":"19","author":"Prabhakar","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Neurosurg Anesthesiol"},{"key":"R17-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"971","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2007.05243.x","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory arrest during trigeminal rhizolysis","volume":"62","author":"Rath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Anaesthesia"},{"key":"R18-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.4103\/0028-3886.55577","article-title":"Management of the trigeminocardiac reflex: Facts and own experience","volume":"57","author":"Arasho","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neurol India"},{"key":"R19-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-160X-9-29","article-title":"Extraction bradycardia: A pilot case-crossover study","volume":"9","author":"Rashad","year":"2013","journal-title":"Head Face Med"},{"key":"R20-26-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"453","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2007.06.634","article-title":"Hemodynamic changes during the surgical removal of lower third molars","volume":"66","author":"Alemany-Mart\u00ednez","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"}],"container-title":["National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_260_20","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:00:31Z","timestamp":1787756431000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.NJMS_260_20"}},"subtitle":["Our experience"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":19,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njms.njms_260_20","relation":{},"ISSN":["0975-5950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0975-5950","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}