{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:42:12Z","timestamp":1792269732475,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim and Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our study was an observational and evolutional to analyze the significance of orbital volume calculation in predicting the probability or tendency of developing late enopthalmous on patients with unilateral orbital fracture with or without associated midface injury reported to our hospital.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The subjects in our study included fifteen patients between18 and 60years. They were treated surgically and conservatively. Patients were exposed to series of examination from the day of injury or reporting for a consecutive period of up to six months following injury. CT was taken prior to treatment following management to evaluate the volume change in orbit. Its correlation and significance to treatment outcome were analyzed using MIMICS software by Materialise by comparing injured orbit to opposite side normal eye.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Result:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Conclusive of clinical examination and summary of statistical analysis patients were categorized into three groups: Low (with volume change of less than 2%), Medium (volume change between 2 to 20%) and High (volume change more than 20%) by comparing fractured orbit to uninjured orbit and a statistically significant mean value of 27.7 \u00b1 2.6 cu. mm for fractures eye and 25.9 \u00b1 2.6 cu. mm for normal eye was found (P \u2264 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Orbital volume can be considered as useful criteria in evaluation of patients with orbital fracture. Evaluation and follow up in correlation with resultant volume assessment provide a better indicator for assessment of prognosis and enopthalmous. Unlike other methods for volume assessment MIMICS software by Materialise provide a better method and it can be incorporated to working station in hospital. Every CT assessment in orbital trauma should include orbital volume as a parameter and this software is easy and user-friendly software that does not require its technical knowledge for application.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_379_21","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,19]],"date-time":"2022-07-19T00:51:52Z","timestamp":1658191912000},"page":"223-228","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Evaluation of orbital volume in unilateral orbital fracture using computed tomography"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Gayathri R.","family":"Nair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. S.","family":"Senthil Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","reference":[{"key":"R1-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e31815eb7ce","article-title":"Prediction of enophthalmos by computer-based volume measurement of orbital fractures in a Korean population","volume":"24","author":"Ahn","year":"2008","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R2-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e31825e4e8e","article-title":"Radiologic and long-term clinical outcome from treatment of isolated medial orbital wall blowout fractures","volume":"23","author":"Saiepour","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"R3-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-1030","article-title":"A new and validated CT-based method for the calculation of orbital soft tissue volumes","volume":"49","author":"Regensburg","year":"2008","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"R4-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100","DOI":"10.1136\/bjo.77.2.100","article-title":"Orbital volume measurement in the management of pure blowout fractures of the orbital floor","volume":"77","author":"Charteris","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R5-10-20240908","first-page":"329","article-title":"Orbital blow-out fractures: Correlation of preoperative computed tomography and postoperative ocular motility","volume":"96","author":"Harris","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc"},{"key":"R6-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198504000-00009","article-title":"Orbital volume measurements in enophthalmos using three-dimensional CT imaging","volume":"75","author":"Bite","year":"1985","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R7-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1259\/dmfr.21.2.1397459","article-title":"Orbital volume measured by a low-dose CT scanning technique","volume":"21","author":"McGurk","year":"1992","journal-title":"Dentomaxillofac Radiol"},{"key":"R8-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1007\/s11548-015-1254-6","article-title":"Orbital volume analysis: Validation of a semi-automatic software segmentation method","volume":"11","author":"Jansen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Comput Assist Radiol Surg"},{"key":"R9-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"274","DOI":"10.1097\/01.iop.0000226865.22184.6a","article-title":"When is enophthalmos \u201csignificant\u201d?","volume":"22","author":"Koo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R10-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1001\/archotol.1988.01860190047020","article-title":"Orbital wall and volume relationships","volume":"114","author":"Parsons","year":"1988","journal-title":"Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"key":"R11-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9394(74)90679-5","article-title":"Nonsurgical management of blow-out fractures of the orbital floor","volume":"77","author":"Putterman","year":"1974","journal-title":"Am J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"R12-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-12571","article-title":"Update on orbital floor fractures: Indications and timing for repair","volume":"16","author":"Hartstein","year":"2000","journal-title":"Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"R13-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1001\/archfaci.2009.77","article-title":"Measurements of orbital volume change using computed tomography in isolated orbital blowout fractures","volume":"11","author":"Kwon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Facial Plast Surg"},{"key":"R14-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1097\/IOP.0b013e3181b80c6a","article-title":"Comparative computation of orbital volume from axial and coronal CT using three-dimensional image analysis","volume":"26","author":"Kwon","year":"2010","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R15-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1097\/00006534-198602000-00005","article-title":"Studies on enophthalmos: II. The measurement of orbital injuries and their treatment by quantitative computed tomography","volume":"77","author":"Manson","year":"1986","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R16-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1053\/joms.2002.35722","article-title":"Evaluation of computer-based area and volume measurement from coronal computed tomography scans in isolated blowout fractures of the orbital floor","volume":"60","author":"Ploder","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R17-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2016.311","article-title":"\u2018Orbital volume restoration rate after orbital fracture\u2019; a CT-based orbital volume measurement for evaluation of orbital wall reconstructive effect","volume":"31","author":"Wi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eye (Lond"},{"key":"R18-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.145.1.149","article-title":"Volume measurements of normal orbital structures by computed tomographic analysis","volume":"145","author":"Forbes","year":"1985","journal-title":"AJR Am J Roentgenol"},{"key":"R19-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1717","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0000000000003765","article-title":"Prediction of late enophthalmos using preoperative orbital volume and fracture area measurements in blowout fracture","volume":"28","author":"Choi","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Craniofac Surg"},{"key":"R20-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1097\/00002341-199801000-00006","article-title":"Prediction of late enophthalmos by volumetric analysis of orbital fractures","volume":"14","author":"Raskin","year":"1998","journal-title":"Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg"},{"key":"R21-10-20240908","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00607281","article-title":"CT assessment of orbital volume in late post-traumatic enophthalmos","volume":"38","author":"Schuknecht","year":"1996","journal-title":"Neuroradiology"},{"key":"R22-10-20240908","first-page":"1417","article-title":"Computer-assisted secondary reconstruction of unilateral posttraumatic orbital deformity","volume":"110","author":"Gellrich","year":"2002","journal-title":"Plast Reconstr Surg"}],"container-title":["National Journal of Maxillofacial Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.njms_379_21","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:04:44Z","timestamp":1787756684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/njms.njms_379_21"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/njms.njms_379_21","relation":{},"ISSN":["0975-5950"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0975-5950","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}}}