{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:26:29Z","timestamp":1787757989610,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a chronic, potentially malignant disorder with a significant impact on oral health and quality of life. Existing treatment options have limitations in efficacy, accessibility, and side-effect profile. Herbal alternatives like\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Moringa oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                      , known for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antifibrotic properties, offer a promising therapeutic approach.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A randomized, controlled pilot study was conducted on 24 clinically diagnosed OSMF patients, divided into three groups (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8 per group). Group I received Moringa tablets, standard antioxidant, and 4%\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Moringa<\/jats:italic>\n                      gel; Group II received Moringa powder, standard antioxidant, and 4% Moringa gel; Group III (Control) received standard antioxidant and standard topical steroid. Patients were evaluated on Day 0, 10, 20, 30, and at 1-month follow-up for burning sensation (Visual Analogue Scale score), mouth opening, tongue protrusion, and cheek flexibility.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All groups showed improvement across clinical parameters. The Moringa-based groups demonstrated comparable or superior outcomes to the standard treatment group. Notably, the Moringa powder group (Group II) showed greater reduction in burning sensation and improvement in mouth opening compared to both the control and standard groups, although the differences were statistically insignificant for most parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M. oleifera<\/jats:italic>\n                      shows potential as a natural, cost-effective adjunct in the management of OSMF, particularly due to its favorable safety profile and combined topical and systemic effects.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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medicinal application","volume":"5","author":"Gopalakrishnan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Food Sci Hum Wellness"},{"key":"R10-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.5897\/JMPR2013.5353","article-title":"Antioxidant and anticancer activities of Moringa oleifera leaves","volume":"8","author":"Charoensin","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Med Plants Res"},{"key":"R11-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2017.00577","article-title":"Hypoglycemic potential of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaf and in vivo GC-MS metabolomics","volume":"8","author":"Khan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front Pharmacol"},{"key":"R12-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"383","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfutfo.2023.03.009","article-title":"Hypoglycemic effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract and its mechanism prediction based on network pharmacology","volume":"3","author":"Hong","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Future Food"},{"key":"R13-20260604","first-page":"12","article-title":"Comparison of effectiveness of Moringa Oleifera leaves extract gel (2%) with Retino A (0.1%) cream for treatment of oral leukoplakia: Double blinded randomized control trial","volume":"1","author":"Ansari","year":"2023","journal-title":"Gulf J Oncolog"},{"key":"R14-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jff.2018.06.011","article-title":"Bioactive flavonoids in Moringa oleifera and their health-promoting properties","volume":"47","author":"Lin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Funct Foods"},{"key":"R15-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2011.03.006","article-title":"Antiproliferation and induction of apoptosis by Moringa oleifera leaf extract on human cancer cells","volume":"49","author":"Sreelatha","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Chem Toxicol"}],"container-title":["National Journal of Maxillofacial 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