{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T15:26:06Z","timestamp":1787757966780,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777593600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Atrophic edentulous ridge poses a great challenge for complete prosthetic rehabilitation. To restore the form and function, various maxillofacial techniques for ridge augmentation are performed. To elicit the positive outcome of surgical procedures, ridge augmentation with vertical distraction osteogenesis and autogenous bone grafting and to evaluate the long term complications, relapse and prosthetic rehabilitative procedural outcome. The electronic search was conducted to find studies from 2000 to 2023 about ridge augmentation procedures with vertical distraction osteogenesis as well as autogenous bone grafting. Screening and importing of the title and abstracts were conducted after which the full article was accessed if the literature met the inclusion criteria, followed by data extraction. Twenty articles were included for the qualitative analysis after the screening process. A mean length of 8.5 mm was achieved when using distraction osteogenesis for ridge augmentation and a mean length of 4.6 mm was achieved from using bone grafts for augmentation. Distraction osteogenesis has significant advantages over bone grafting when it comes to soft tissue involvement which makes it a preferable choice over augmentation with bone grafting. Augmentation of severely atrophied ridges through various surgical rehabilitative techniques is the key to restore the lost form and function. Bone grafts incorporated either in the form of autologous, allogenous, or play a pivotal role in the maintenance of bone density. A meticulous and proper patient planning with preoperative assessment had to be undertaken for the management of atrophied edentulous ridges with dental implants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/njms.njms_73_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T13:00:26Z","timestamp":1780491626000},"page":"219-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["An evaluation of vertical alveolar distraction and autogenous bone ridge augmentation for dental implants\u2014A narrative review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Thilagavathy","family":"Manickavasagaswami","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Komagan P.","family":"Nakkeeran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christie","family":"Sajeev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Velavan","family":"Krishnan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shri Krishna P.","family":"Balasubramanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V. B. Krishna K.","family":"Raja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, SRM Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"R1-20260604","first-page":"ZC43","article-title":"Vertical alveolar ridge augmentation by distraction osteogenesis","volume":"9","author":"Mohanty","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R2-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1016\/S0915-6992(06)80018-X","article-title":"Alveolar distraction for post-traumatic atrophic alveolar ridge: Evaluation of bone height","volume":"18","author":"Kanno","year":"2006","journal-title":"Asian J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R3-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"510","DOI":"10.1054\/ijom.2001.0134","article-title":"Alveolar ridge augmentation by distraction osteogenesis","volume":"30","author":"Rachmiel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R4-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/S0266-4356(02)00211-5","article-title":"Distraction osteogenesis of basal mandibular bone for reconstruction of the alveolar ridge","volume":"40","author":"Uckan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R5-20260604","first-page":"337","article-title":"Distraction osteogenesis for ridge augmentation: Prevention and treatment of complications. Thirty case reports","volume":"28","author":"Froum","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"R6-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e7","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2007.12.026","article-title":"Results and complications of alveolar distraction osteogenesis to enhance vertical bone height","volume":"105","author":"G\u00fcnbay","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R7-20260604","first-page":"52","article-title":"Anterior maxillary alveolar distraction osteogenesis: A prospective 5-year clinical study","volume":"17","author":"Jensen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"R8-20260604","first-page":"7651439","article-title":"Distraction osteogenesis of severely resorbed mandible","author":"Sakka","year":"2022","journal-title":"Case Rep Dent 2022"},{"key":"R9-20260604","first-page":"43","article-title":"Vertical distraction osteogenesis of edentulous ridges for improvement of oral implant positioning: A clinical report of preliminary results","volume":"16","author":"Chiapasco","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"R10-20260604","first-page":"ZR01","article-title":"Rehabilitation of edentulous atrophic anterior mandible \u2013The role of vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis","volume":"8","author":"Mampilly","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"key":"R11-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1164","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2017.01.013","article-title":"Vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis of the atrophic posterior mandible before dental implant insertion","volume":"75","author":"Rachmiel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R12-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"511","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2008.03.011","article-title":"Alveolar distraction osteogenesis versus autogenous onlay bone grafting for alveolar ridge augmentation: Technique, complications, and implant survival rates","volume":"106","author":"Uckan","year":"2008","journal-title":"Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod"},{"key":"R13-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1563\/aaid-joi-D-17-00101","article-title":"Complications associated with the use of recombinant human bone morphogenic protein-2 in ridge augmentation: A case report","volume":"43","author":"Dragonas","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"R14-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2013.07.026","article-title":"Simultaneous implant placement and bone grafting with particulate mineralized allograft in sites with buccal wall defects, a three-year follow-up and review of literature","volume":"42","author":"Le","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R15-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"463","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-10-00028","article-title":"Alternative bone expansion technique for implant placement in atrophic edentulous maxilla and mandible","volume":"37","author":"Demetriades","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"R16-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12811","article-title":"Single implants in the aesthetic region preceded by local ridge augmentation;a 10-year randomized controlled trial","volume":"28","author":"Meijndert","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Oral Implants Res"},{"key":"R17-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcms.2014.01.011","article-title":"Horizontal alveolar ridge augmentation using autologous press fit bone cylinders and micro-lag-screw fixation: Technical note and initial experience","volume":"42","author":"Streckbein","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Craniomaxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R18-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.10.021","article-title":"Alveolar segmental sandwich osteotomy for anterior maxillary vertical augmentation prior to implant placement","volume":"64","author":"Jensen","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Oral Maxillofac Surg"},{"key":"R19-20260604","first-page":"4","article-title":"Comparison between sandwich bone augmentation and allogenic block graft for vertical ridge augmentation in the posterior mandible","volume":"24","author":"Leong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Implant Dent"},{"key":"R20-20260604","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2020.10.009","article-title":"Clinical performance of alveolar ridge augmentation with xenogeneic bone block grafts versus autogenous bone block grafts. 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