{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T20:25:57Z","timestamp":1787775957785,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,1]],"date-time":"2025-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743465600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood-borne infections remain a significant public health challenge globally. Understanding their prevalence and risk factors is crucial for implementing preventive measures.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of blood-borne infections, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and syphilis, among patients attending public hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects and Methods:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study involving 352 participants, recruited from the antenatal, gastroenterology clinics and prospective donors from the blood banks in four general and one tertiary hospital in Lagos, Nigeria. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, risk factors and disease prevalence using structured questionnaires, and laboratory testing was performed using the B21147-01 HIV-HCV-HBsAg-Syphilis Combo Rapid Test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean age of participants was 37.2 \u00b1 11.0 years. The majority were female (66.8%) and married (80.7%). The prevalence of HIV, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) anti-HCV, and syphilis was 24.4%, 23.3%, 2.6% and 0.3%, respectively. There was significantly increased odds of HIV infection among participants with a history of sexually transmitted infections (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.0\u20135.1), and those who had skilled occupations (AOR = 4.5, 95% CI = 1.5\u201313.3). Participants with a family history of either HBV, HCV, chronic liver disease or hepatocellular carcinoma had significantly increased odds of being HBsAg positive (AOR = 7.8, 95% CI = 2.1\u201329.42).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Blood-borne viral infections are highly prevalent among people attending hospitals in Lagos, Nigeria. Enhanced screening, awareness and risk reduction education are recommended to reduce the burden of these infections.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.4103\/npmj.npmj_28_25","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T04:00:33Z","timestamp":1747195233000},"page":"127-134","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C and Syphilis among Antenatal Patients, Gastroenterology Patients and Blood Donors in Public Hospitals in Lagos"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Kehinde Sharafadeen","family":"Okunade","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emuobor","family":"Odeghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damilola O","family":"Akinlawon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health and Primary Care, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rita O","family":"Oladele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, College of Medicine, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"276","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"R2-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2016.03.006","article-title":"HIV epidemiology in Nigeria","volume":"25","author":"Awofala","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi J Biol Sci"},{"key":"R3-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e348","DOI":"10.1016\/S2352-3018(19)30153-5","article-title":"HIV indicator and impact survey: Considerations for Nigeria","volume":"6","author":"Adeyinka","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet HIV"},{"key":"R4-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102098.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2023.102098","article-title":"Estimation of HIV prevalence and burden in Nigeria: A Bayesian predictive modelling study","volume":"62","author":"Onovo","year":"2023","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"R6-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-021-06800-6","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus infection in Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis of data published between 2010 and 2019","volume":"21","author":"Ajuwon","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Infect Dis"},{"issue":"Suppl 2","key":"R7-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12763","article-title":"Estimating HCV disease burden-volume 4 (editorial)","volume":"24","author":"Dore","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"R8-20260423","first-page":"1","article-title":"Hepatitis C in adults and children: A cross-sectional review from a tertiary hospital, Northeast Nigeria during the period 2008-2015","volume":"5","author":"Isaac","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Infect Dis Epidemiol"},{"key":"R9-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.53430\/ijmru.2023.5.2.0053","article-title":"Serological prevalence of herpes simplex virus, syphilis, and H. pylori co-infections amongst HIV-infected individuals receiving care in a secondary healthcare facility in Port Harcourt, Nigeria","volume":"5","author":"Alubi","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Multidiscip Res Updates"},{"key":"R11-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eap.2021.02.001","article-title":"Where do we stand on the 17 sustainable development goals? An overview on progress","volume":"70","author":"Halkos","year":"2021","journal-title":"Econ Anal Policy"},{"key":"R13-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2023.02.006","article-title":"Point-of-care testing for sexually transmitted infections","volume":"43","author":"Riegler","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Lab Med"},{"key":"R14-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"954","DOI":"10.4103\/2141-9248.144925","article-title":"Seroprevalence of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, syphilis, and co-infections among antenatal women in a tertiary institution in South East, Nigeria","volume":"4","author":"Ikeako","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Med Health Sci Res"},{"key":"R15-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.12.001","article-title":"Analytical performances of simultaneous detection of HIV-1, HIV\u20132 and hepatitis C- specific antibodies and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) by multiplex immunochromatographic rapid test with serum samples: A cross-sectional study","volume":"253","author":"Robin","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"R16-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-018-5555-x","article-title":"Seroprevalence of transfusion-transmissible infections (HBV, HCV, syphilis and HIV) among prospective blood donors in a tertiary health care facility in Calabar, Nigeria; an eleven years evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Okoroiwu","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"R17-20260423","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"352.","DOI":"10.11604\/pamj.2020.36.352.23978","article-title":"HIV-hepatitis co-infection in a rural community in Northern Nigeria","volume":"36","author":"Adesegun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"}],"container-title":["Nigerian Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_28_25","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T19:46:59Z","timestamp":1787773619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.ovid.com\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_28_25"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4103\/npmj.npmj_28_25","relation":{},"ISSN":["1117-1936","2468-6875"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1117-1936","type":"print"},{"value":"2468-6875","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,4]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-01-31","name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-04-17","name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}