{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,26]],"date-time":"2026-10-26T16:41:24Z","timestamp":1793032884103,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":["lww.com","ovid.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>This study reviewed the current knowledge on the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentations, diagnosis, treatment, quality-of-life assessment and recent trends in androgenetic alopecia (AGA). Relevant articles on AGA from PubMed, Google Scholar, Medline and Scopus from 1950 to 2024 were obtained and scrutinized.. Key search words included each term like \u2018androgenetic alopecia\u2019, \u2018androgenic alopecia\u2019, \u2018pattern baldness\u2019 and \u2018pattern hair loss\u2019 AND each term like \u2018epidemiology\u2019, \u2018pathophysiology\u2019, \u2018genetics\u2019, \u2018hormones\u2019, \u2018micronutrient\u2019, \u2018stress and inflammation\u2019, \u2018growth factors\u2019, \u2018clinical features\u2019, \u2018staging\u2019, \u2018cardiovascular associations\u2019, \u2018diagnosis\u2019 and \u2018management\u2019 were used in the search. AGA is a non-scarring hair loss that is exemplified by a progressive decline of hair follicles, or non-functional or dead hair follicles in the scalp in a defined pattern. It is the most common hair loss, more common in men but can also present in younger age as premature AGA. Hormones, genetics, micronutrient deficiency, microinflammation and stress have been implicated, while psychosocial distress and cutaneous correlate of cardiovascular diseases have become sources of relentless research. AGA is a patterned hair loss that is more prevalent in Men. It results from the interactions between hormonal, genetic and other factors which determine the extent of hair loss and associated disorders (psychosocial and cardiovascular). As results of more research become available, the extent of AGA, its comorbidities as well as the full spectrum of their manifestations will continue to be sources of health education and more holistic examination by dermatologists and patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.4103\/npmj.npmj_47_24","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T03:01:49Z","timestamp":1717383709000},"page":"85-92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1097\/lww.0000000000001000","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Androgenetic Alopecia: A Review"],"prefix":"10.4103","volume":"31","author":[{"given":"Sebastine Oseghae","family":"Oiwoh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Irrua, Edo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ademola Olusegun","family":"Enitan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olubola Titilope","family":"Adegbosin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Outpatient Department, Primary Care Unit, Benin Medical Care, Benin, Edo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adeolu Oladayo","family":"Akinboro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Dermatology and Venereology Unit, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel Olaniyi","family":"Onayemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile Ife, Osun State, 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